Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants
| Characteristic | No. (%) of participants* | p value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Healthy controls n = 94 |
No-relapse n = 54 |
Relapse n = 31 |
No-relapse v. healthy controls | Relapse v. healthy controls | No-relapse v. relapse | |
| Age, mean ± SD, yr | 23.4 ± 3.9 | 22.2 ± 4.8 | 22.4 ± 4.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.9 |
| Sex, male | 42 (44.7) | 39 (72.2) | 22 (71.0) | 0.002 | 0.02 | 1 |
| Race, Black | 59 (62.8) | 23 (42.6) | 20 (64.5) | 0.03 | 1 | 0.08 |
| CPZ, mg, mean ± SD | NA | 238.0 ± 219.7 | 373.1 ± 247.6 | NA | NA | 0.02 |
| Duration of illness, mo, mean ± SD | NA | 12.4 ± 9.1 | 18.6 ± 7.6 | NA | NA | 0.001 |
| SAPS, mean ± SD | NA | 3.1 ± 3.5 | 4.7 ± 4.2 | NA | NA | 0.07 |
| SANS, mean ± SD | NA | 7.6 ± 4.6 | 7.5 ± 5.5 | NA | NA | 1.0 |
| Diagnosis, affective group | NA | 13 (24.1) | 10 (32.2) | NA | NA | 0.7 |
| Diagnosis details | NA | NA | 0.2 | |||
| Schizophrenia | NA | 30 (55.6) | 17 (54.8) | |||
| Schizoaffective disorder | NA | 5 (9.3) | 3 (9.7) | |||
| Schizophreniform disorder | NA | 3 (5.6) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Bipolar disorder with psychotic features | NA | 8 (14.8) | 10 (32.2) | |||
| Major depressive disorder with psychotic features | NA | 5 (9.3) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Other psychotic disorder, not otherwise specified | NA | 3 (5.6) | 1 (3.2) | |||
CPZ = chlorpromazine equivalent dose; NA = not applicable; SANS = Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms; SAPS = Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms; SD = standard deviation.
*
Unless indicated otherwise.