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. 2024 Mar 29;14:7478. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57971-6

Table 2.

Bland–Altman analysis.

Bland–Altman analysis Mean value CI at 95%
Lower CI Upper CI
Agreement between multimodal stacked ensemble model CO prediction and measured EV1000 CO Mean differences (Bias) (L/min)  − 0.001  − 0.01 0.007
SD of Bias(L/min) 0.312
ULoA (+ 1.96 SD) (L/min) 0.611 0.595 0.626
LLoA (-1.96 SD) (L/min)  − 0.614  − 0.629  − 0.598
Percent differences (Bias) (%)  − 0.271  − 0.466  − 0.076
SD of Bias (%) 6.743
ULoA (+ 1.96 SD) (%) 12.94 12.608 13.284
LLoA (-1.96 SD) (%)  − 13.488  − 13.826  − 13.15
Agreement between multimodal stacked ensemble model co prediction and measured vigileo CO Mean differences (Bias) (L/min)  − 0.01  − 0.018 0.005
SD of Bias(L/min) 0.24
ULoA (+ 1.96 SD) (L/min) 0.464 0.443 0.485
LLoA (-1.96 SD) (L/min)  − 0.477  − 0.497  − 0.456
Percent differences (Bias) (%)  − 0.333  − 0.810  − 0.188
SD of Bias (%) 5.233
ULoA (+ 1.96 SD) (%) 9.924 9.474 10.373
LLoA (-1.96 SD) (%)  − 10.59  − 11.04  − 10.141

Lower and upper limits of agreement (LLoA and ULoA) and standard deviation (SD).