Table 1.
Demographic and clinical data of PD patients and HCs.
| PD Patients (n = 34, mean ± SD) | HCs (n = 32, mean ± SD) | pa,b | pc | pd | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Follow-up | Baseline | Follow-up | ||||
| Age | 59.43 ± 8.62 | – | 61.32 ± 7.16 | – | 0.336 | – | – |
| Gender (F/M) | 14/20 | – | 20/12 | – | 0.086 | – | – |
| Education | 7.68 ± 4.86 | – | 11.25 ± 3.37 | – | 0.010* | – | – |
| Duration | 2.39 ± 1.90 | 4.52 ± 1.86 | – | – | – | – | – |
| TIV | 1484.21 ± 151.13 | 1478.38 ± 152.012 | 1428.44 ± 110.83 | 1414.07 ± 109.09 | 0.094 | 0.047* | < 0.001** |
| LEDD | 233.82 ± 256.28 | 457.49 ± 302.25 | – | – | – | 0.001** | – |
| H-Y stage | 2.09 ± 0.66 | 2.16 ± 0.40 | – | – | – | 0.419 | – |
| UPDRS total | 27.18 ± 17.44 | 33.35 ± 18.02 | – | – | – | 0.049* | – |
| UPDRS part I | 1.21 ± 1.43 | 1.50 ± 1.29 | – | – | – | 0.244 | – |
| UPDRS part II | 6.56 ± 4.67 | 8.88 ± 5.56 | – | – | – | 0.008** | – |
| UPDRS part III | 18.68 ± 12.24 | 21.76 ± 12.46 | – | – | – | 0.170 | – |
| UPDRS part IV | 0.44 ± 0.75 | 1.21 ± 1.47 | – | – | – | 0.007** | – |
| MMSE | 27.44 ± 3.56 | 26.71 ± 3.51 | 28.53 ± 1.39 | 28.13 ± 1.68 | 0.110 | 0.088 | 0.141 |
| HAMD | 4.85 ± 3.87 | 5.24 ± 5.10 | 2.72 ± 2.89 | 3.72 ± 5.08 | 0.014* | 0.658 | 0.114 |
| HAMA | 4.79 ± 4.36 | 5.44 ± 4.85 | 4.28 ± 4.27 | 4.72 ± 5.54 | 0.631 | 0.516 | 0.569 |
| PDQ-39 | 20.79 ± 19.56 | 24.29 ± 24.96 | – | – | – | 0.210 | – |
LEDD daily levodopa equivalent dose, SD standard deviation.
aUnpaired t-test between PD patients and HCs at baseline.
bχ2 Likelihood Ratio in gender between PD patients and HCs at baseline.
cPaired t-test between PD patients (baseline) and PD patients (follow-up).
dPaired t-test between HCs (baseline) and HCs (follow-up).
*p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. The P-values were FDR-adjusted.