Table 1.
Multivariate Analysis of the Dietary Pattern, Antibiotics, and Handwashing Practice as Risk Factors for clb Fecal Carriage
| Multivariable Analysis of Clb+/blm E coli | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Respondents, No. (%) | OR (95% CI) | P Value |
| Demographics | |||
| Gender (N = 136) | |||
| Male | 57 (41.9) | 1.02 (61.19–147.2) | .218 |
| Female | 79 (58.2) | ||
| Marital status (N = 136) | |||
| Single | 134 (98.5) | 1.01 (62.74–148.7) | .222 |
| Married | 2 (1.5) | ||
| Age, y (N = 136) | |||
| <20a | 95 (69.8) | 1.45 (68.20–146.8) | .200 |
| >20b | 41 (30.1) | ||
| Dietary pattern | |||
| Diet consumed (N = 136) | |||
| Fiber-based food | 102 (75.0) | 1.03 (56.74–138.7) | .213 |
| Vegetarian | 34 (25.0) | ||
| Fast food purchase (n = 129) | |||
| Daily | 62 (48.1) | ||
| Weekly | 17 (13.2) | 1.03 (60.19–145.5) | .216 |
| Monthly | 10 (7.8) | ||
| Occasionally | 40 (31.0) | ||
| Food condiments (N = 136) | |||
| Natural products | 91 (66.9) | 1.06 (58.20–142.2) | .213 |
| Chemical agents | 45 (33.1) | ||
| Alcohol consumption (N = 136) | |||
| Yes | 21 (15.4) | 1.27 (61.74–147.1) | .221 |
| No | 115 (84.5) | ||
| Antibiotics and handwashing practice | |||
| Antibiotics consumption (n = 126) | |||
| Daily | 5 (4.0) | ||
| Weekly | 4 (3.2) | 1.11 (61.29–145.3) | .222 |
| Monthly | 14 (11.1) | ||
| Occasionally | 103 (81.8) | ||
| Reason for consumption (n = 105) | |||
| Abdominal cramps | 20 (19.1) | ||
| Infections | 59 (56.2) | 0.87 (50.90–122.2) | .218 |
| Diarrhea | 13 (12.4) | ||
| Prophylaxis | 13 (12.4) | ||
| Handwashing frequency (n = 130) | |||
| Regularly | 89 (68.5) | ||
| Once daily | 22 (16.9) | 1.17 (60.19–145.5) | .216 |
| Twice daily | 17 (13.1) | ||
| None | 2 (1.5) | ||
Significance was set at P < .05.
Abbreviations: clb+/blm E coli, colibactin-encoded β-lactamase Escherichia coli; OR, odds ratio.
aMedian, 18.4 (SD, 2.51).
bMedian, 26.3 (SD, 6.34).