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. 2024 Mar 30;24(1):59. doi: 10.1007/s10238-024-01310-6

Table 3.

Overall estimates of meta-analysis on the risk differences (RDs) of the presence of CTCs in various stages

Outcomes Subgroups N RD (95% CI) P value I2 (%) P heterogeneity P heterogeneity between subgroups
Stage: early vs. advanced 21  − 0.10 (− 0.23, 0.02) 0.105 87.0  < 0.001 –
Marker Epithelial 12  − 0.12 (− 0.29, 0.05) 0.162 89.2  < 0.001 0.605
Mesenchymal 3  − 0.22 (− 0.36, − 0.09) 0.001 39.9 0.189
Epithelial + Mesenchymal 4  − 0.01 (− 0.33, 0.30) 0.940 87.9  < 0.001
Not reported 2 0.01 (− 0.56, 0.58) 0.969 85.1 0.010
Detection Cell search 4  − 0.38 (− 0.64, − 0.12) 0.004 91.5  < 0.001 0.011
Other 17  − 0.02 (− 0.23, 0.02) 0.761 74.7  < 0.001
Treatment type Surgery 11  − 0.08 (− 0.24, 0,08) 0.32 86.3  < 0.001 0.38
Chemotherapy 8  − 0.18 (− 0.41, 0.04) 0.11 86.5  < 0.001
No Treatment 2 0.11 (− 0.22, 0.02) 0.53 80.9  < 0.001
Presence of distance metastasis Yes 15  − 0.16 (− 0.29, − 0.02) 0.020 83.5  < 0.001 0.267
No 6 0.03 (− 0.27, 0.33) 0.851 91.8  < 0.001
Presence of lymph node metastasis Yes 13  − 0.09 (− 0.25, 0.06) 0.238 89.1  < 0.001 0.863
No 8  − 0.12 (− 0.33, 0.10) 0.281 81.2  < 0.001
Risk of bias Low 12  − 0.21 (− 0.37, − 0.05) 0.012 90.1  < 0.001 0.011
High 9 0.07 (− 0.07, 0.21) 0.328 59.1 0.012
Stage: intestinal vs. diffuse 11  − 0.19 (− 0.37, − 0.01) 0.045 85.7  < 0.001 –
Marker Epithelial 6  − 0.23 (− 0.44, − 0.01) 0.040 85.2  < 0.001 0.443
Mesenchymal 1  − 0.43 (− 0.74, − 0.12) 0.006 – –
Epithelial + Mesenchymal 3  − 0.04 (− 0.46, 0.37) 0.845 85.5 0.001
Not reported 1  − 0.15 (− 0.45, 0.15) 0.340 – –
Detection Cell search 4  − 0.33 (− 0.57, − 0.10) 0.006 85.4  < 0.001 0.135
Other 7  − 0.09 (− 0.31, 0.14) 0.450 78.6  < 0.001
Treatment type Surgery 3  − 0.19 (− 0.70, 0.32) 0.47 91.8  < 0.001 0.98
Chemotherapy 8  − 0.18 (− 0.37, 0.01) 0.06 83.1  < 0.001
Presence of distance metastasis Yes 9  − 0.18 (− 0.35, − 0.001) 0.048 80.7  < 0.001 0.952
No 2  − 0.20 (− 1.00, 0.61) 0.626 95.7  < 0.001
Presence of lymph node metastasis Yes 3  − 0.19 (− 0.30, − 0.07) 0.002 0.0 0.944 0.793
No 8  − 0.17 (− 0.25, − 0.09)  < 0.001 90.0  < 0.001
Risk of bias Low 7  − 0.28 (− 0.50, − 0.06) 0.014 83.8  < 0.001 0.086
High 4  − 0.02 (− 0.22, 0.18) 0.865 68.2 0.024
Stage: intestinal vs. mixed 8  − 0.11 (− 0.34, 0.12) 0.348 88.1  < 0.001 –
Marker Epithelial 5  − 0.10 (− 0.43, 0.23) 0.561 90.5  < 0.001 0.928
Epithelial + Mesenchymal 3  − 0.12 (− 0.45, 0.21) 0.472 82.0 0.004
Detection Cell search 3  − 0.23 (− 0.67, 0.21) 0.311 92.6  < 0.001 0.433
Other 5  − 0.03 (− 0.26, 0.20) 0.796 75.8 0.002
Treatment type Surgery 2  − 0.15 (− 1.11, 0.80) 0.756 96.4  < 0.001 0.86
Chemotherapy 6  − 0.06 (− 0.21, 0.08) 0.390 61.1 0.025
Presence of distance metastasis Yes 6  − 0.07 (− 0.22, 0.08) 0.390 61.1 0.025 0.862
No 2  − 0.15 (− 1.11, 0.81) 0.756 96.4  < 0.001
Presence of lymph node metastasis Yes 1  − 0.11 (− 0.34, 0.12) 0.352 – – 0.991
No 7  − 0.11 (− 0.38, 0.16) 0.415 89.8  < 0.001
Risk of bias Low 5  − 0.17 (− 0.54, 0.21) 0.381 91.3  < 0.001 0.003
High 3  − 0.005 (− 0.12, 0.11) 0.937 51.5 0.127
Stage: diffuse vs. mixed 8 0.05 (− 0.12, 0.22) 0.534 76.0  < 0.001 –
Marker Epithelial 5 0.14 (− 0.11, 0.38) 0.287 83.8  < 0.001 0.027
Epithelial + Mesenchymal 3  − 0.08 (− 0.22, 0.06) 0.260 0.0 0.830
Detection Cell search 3 0.16 (− 0.22, 0.53) 0.407 91.6  < 0.001 0.069
Other 5  − 0.03 (− 0.16, 0.09) 0.585 0.0 0.726
Treatment type Surgery 2  − 0.04 (− 0.13, 0.12) 0.957 0.0 0.39 0.286
Chemotherapy 6 0.05 (− 0.18, 0.29) 0.641 81.7  < 0.001
Presence of distance metastasis Yes 6 0.06 (− 0.18, 0.30) 0.641 81.7  < 0.001 0.286
No 2  − 0.004 (− 0.13, 0.13) 0.957 0.0 0.396
Presence of lymph node metastasis Yes 1 0.06 (− 0.27, 0.39) 0.717 – – 0.971
No 7 0.05 (− 0.14, 0.24) 0.583 79.4  < 0.001
Risk of bias Low 5 0.10 (− 0.17, 0.37) 0.462 84.2  < 0.001 0.072
High 3  − 0.05 (− 0.18, 0.09) 0.496 0.0 0.766