Table 1.

Baseline and end-of-study characteristics of study participants receiving active therapy for inflammatory papules and pustules

Therapy	Study (Original Investigation)	Size	Duration (weeks)	Race, White (%)	Rosacea severity in treated groups		End-of-study efficacy
					Moderate/Severe disease (%)	Baseline lesions (mean)	End-of-study lesions (mean)	IGA success (clear, almost clear, or 2-point IGA score improvement) (%)
Metronidazole	Nielsen [10]	81	8	NS	NS	24.4	8.9	62.5a
	Dahl [13]
	Metronidazole 0.75%	72	12	100	All rated as moderate or severe	19	9	57a
	Metronidazole 1%					25	10	37a
Azelaic acid	Thiboutot et al. [16]
	Study 1	329	12	97	76/10	17.5	6.8	51
	Study 2	335		87	76/11	17.8	8.9	46
	Draelos et al. [18]
	2 parallel groups	961	12	95.9	86.6/13.4	21.7	8.5	32
Doxycycline 40 mg	Del Rosso et al. [23]
	Study 301	251	16	91	52.8/40.9	19.5	7.7	45.7
	Study 302	286			54.2/33.8	20.5	11	22.5
Ivermectin 1%	Stein Gold et al. [27]
	Study 1	683	12	96.2	82/18	30.9	7.4	38.4
	Study 2	688		95.3	75.9/24.1	32.9	8.2	40.1
Minocycline 1.5%	Stein Gold et al. [29]
	Study 1	751	12	95.8	88.7/11.3	28.5	10.93	52.1b
	Study 2	771		97.3	85.1/14.9	30.0	11.46	49.1c
E-BPO 5%	Bhatia et al. [33]
	Study 1	361	12	95.9	86.4/13.6	25.7	8.3	43.5
	Study 2	372		88	90.8/9.2	29.8	9.5	50.1

All studies included in this table were from properly powered and conducted individual randomized clinical trials and defined treatment success as being rating of clear, almost clear, or 2-point IGA score improvement, unless otherwise noted

E-BPO encapsulated benzoyl peroxide, IGA Investigator Global Assessment, NS not specified

^aPercentages indicate “improved” or “much improved,” or “clear to mild rosacea.” “Clear” or “almost clear” terminology was not used

^b,cThe IGA scale used in the studies only assessed the papulopustular component of rosacea and did not incorporate evaluation of facial erythema as part of the investigator’s static global assessment; this is an important distinction compared with IGA scales used in pivotal trials with other therapies