Table 3.
Risks and HRs for ASCVD and ASCVD/mortality by LDL cholesterol levels at baseline
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | n | Cumulative incidence (%) | Total | Crude HR | Adj. HR model | 95% CI | ||
| 1 year | 5 years | 10 years | # events | |||||
| ASCVD | ||||||||
| 30–79 | 16 162 | 0.8 | 3.9 | 6.5 | 816 | 1.25 | 1.10 | 1.00 to 1.20 |
| 80–99 | 32 517 | 0.5 | 2.8 | 5.3 | 1341 | 1.0 | 1.0 | — |
| 100–129 | 69 399 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 4.7 | 2509 | 0.87 | 0.94 | 0.88 to 1.00 |
| 130–159 | 43 333 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 4.8 | 1586 | 0.89 | 0.96 | 0.89 to 1.03 |
| 160–189 | 12 663 | 0.5 | 2.7 | 5.1 | 490 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.88 to 1.08 |
| 190 or higher | 3586 | 0.9 | 4.7 | 7.6 | 205 | 1.50 | 1.23 | 1.06 to 1.43 |
| ASCVD/mortality | ||||||||
| 30–79 | 16 162 | 1.0 | 11.8 | 21.4 | 2590 | 1.36 | 1.19 | 1.14 to 1.26 |
| 80–99 | 32 517 | 0.8 | 8.4 | 16.5 | 4014 | 1.0 | 1.0 | — |
| 100–129 | 69 399 | 0.6 | 6.4 | 13.5 | 6952 | 0.79 | 0.89 | 0.85 to 0.92 |
| 130–159 | 43 333 | 0.5 | 5.8 | 12.8 | 4005 | 0.74 | 0.90 | 0.86 to 0.94 |
| 160–189 | 12 663 | 0.5 | 6.5 | 12.6 | 1160 | 0.77 | 0.93 | 0.87 to 0.99 |
| 190 or higher | 3586 | 0.9 | 9.9 | 18.5 | 452 | 1.12 | 1.20 | 1.08 to 1.32 |
Model: Adjusted for age, race, BMI, current smoker, former smoker, history of the following in the past year: hypertension, atrial fibrillation, arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glucose and the following medications in the past year: ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium blockers, any SBP lowering medication, diuretics, aspirin, DOACs, antidepressants, opioids and statin initiation >1 year after baseline cholesterol measurement.
ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; BMI, Body Mass Index; DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure.