Table 2.
Crude prevalence of sleep duration and indicators of sleep quality among adults aged ≥18 years, by epilepsy status---National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2013, 2015, and 2017.
| Any epilepsya | Active epilepsyb | Inactive epilepsyc | No epilepsy | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nod | % (95% CI)e | Nod | % (95% CI)e | Nod | % (95% CI)e | Nod | % (95% CI)e | |
| Sleep duration (hours/24-hours) | ||||||||
| <7 | 660 | 37.2 (34.2–40.2)g | 391 | 35.7 (31.9–39.8)g | 264 | 39.3 (34.7–44.2)g | 28,758 | 31.7 (31.2–32.1) |
| 7–9 | 888 | 52.3 (49.2–55.3)g | 539 | 52.7 (48.6–56.5)g | 346 | 51.7 (46.9–56.5)g | 57,713 | 64.5 (64.1–65.0) |
| >9 | 184 | 10.6 (8.8–12.8)g | 132 | 11.6 (9.3–14.4)g | 52 | 9.0 (6.3–12.7)g | 3,572 | 3.8 (3.7–4.0) |
| Trouble falling asleep (times in past week) | ||||||||
| 0–2 | 1,120 | 65.2 (62.3–67.9) | 673 | 65.3 (61.6–68.9) | 445 | 64.9 (60.2–69.4) | 71,106 | 77.3 (76.9–77.7) |
| ≥3 | 663 | 34.8 (32.1–37.7)g | 430 | 34.7 (31.1–38.4)g | 228 | 35.1 (30.6–39.8)g | 22,020 | 22.7 (22.3–23.1) |
| Trouble staying asleep (times in past week) | ||||||||
| 0–2 | 994 | 57.3 (54.1–60.5) | 605 | 57.8 (53.6–61.9) | 386 | 56.5 (51.6–61.3) | 65,304 | 71.6 (71.2–72.1) |
| ≥3 | 789 | 42.7 (39.5–45.9)g | 498 | 42.2 (38.1–46.4)g | 287 | 43.5 (38.7–48.4)g | 27,822 | 28.4 (27.9–28.8) |
| Sleep medication use (times in past week) | ||||||||
| 0 | 1,240 | 70.8 (67.9–73.5) | 728 | 68.0 (64.1–71.7) | 507 | 76.9 (72.7–80.6) | 77,210 | 83.9 (83.6–84.3) |
| ≥1 | 543 | 29.2 (26.5–32.1)g | 375 | 32.0 (28.3–35.9)g | 166 | 24.7 (20.9–29.0)g | 15,916 | 16.1 (15.7–16.4) |
| Nonrestorative sleep (days in past week) f | ||||||||
| 0–2 | 783 | 45.5 (42.5–48.6) | 472 | 45.9 (41.9–49.8) | 309 | 45.0 (40.0–50.1) | 50,295 | 55.8 (55.3–56.4) |
| ≥3 | 928 | 54.5 (51.4–57.5)g | 573 | 54.1 (50.2–58.1)g | 350 | 55.0 (49.9–60.0)g | 39,512 | 44.2 (43.6–44.7) |
Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval.
Any epilepsy was defined as adults who responded “yes” to ever having been told by doctor or other health professional that they had a seizure disorder or epilepsy (or having a history of epilepsy).
Active epilepsy was defined as adults who reported a history of epilepsy and either were currently taking medication to control it, or had one or more seizures in the past year, or both.
Inactive epilepsy was defined as adults who reported a history of epilepsy but were not taking medication for epilepsy and had not had a seizure in the past year.
Unweighted numbers. Categories might not sum to the sample total because of missing responses for some categories.
Weighted percent and 95% confidence interval (CI). A Z-test was conducted to compare the prevalence between groups (see methods) at the statistical significance level of 0.05.
Nonrestorative sleep was defined by subtracting 7 from the responses to the question of “In the past week, on how many days did you wake up feeling well rested?”.
p<0.05 when compared with no epilepsy group in the same category of sleep duration or indicators of sleep quality.