Table 5.

Training results from the Episodic Memory group. The tasks corresponding to the T2T episodic memory training domain and NIH Toolbox inhibitory control are presented in italics and underlined. Baseline performance (BP) effects are first presented for the inhibitory control task from the NIH Toolbox: Picture sequence memory. Then, the effects of baseline performance on the task of interest (as indicated in the second column for each row) are presented.

Outcome type	Task of interest	Improvement from baseline	Effect of BP on the EM Toolbox task*	Effect of BP on the task of interest taska	Effect of age
Train to task
	Processing speed (N=6)	p=0.69, d=−0.12	p=0.26, F(1,3) =0.99, R^2=0.40	Neg, p=0.098, F(1,3)=2.91, R^2=0.66*	p=0.80, R^2=0.018, F(1,4) = 0.074
	Inhibitory control (N=7)	p=0.81, d=0.21	p=0.93, F(1,4)=2.10, R^2=0.51	Neg, p<0.001, F(1,4) = 134, R^2=0.99**	Neg, p=0.071, F(1,5) = 5.22, R^2 = 0.51*
	Episodic memory (N=7)	p=0.031, d=1.1**	p=0.58, F(1,4)=3.49, R^2=0.64	Neg, p=0.045, F(1,4)=4.15, R^2=0.68**	p=0.96, R^2=0.00061, F(1,5) = 0.0030
	Working memory (N=7)	p=0.063, d=−1.11*	p=0.62, F(1,4)=0.32, R2=0.14	Neg, p=0.020, F(1,4)=7.86, R^2=0.80**	p=0.56, F(1,5) = 0.39, R^2=0.073
	Cognitive flexibility (N=7)	p=0.16, d=0.6	p=0.84, F(1,4)=0.054, R2=0.026	p=0.54, F(1,4)=0.26, R^2=0.11	p=0.80, F(1,5) = 0.072, R^2=0.014
NIH Toolbox
	Fluid cogntion composite (N=8)	p=0.047, d=0.99**	p=0.84, F(1,5)=0.53, R^2=0.18	Neg, p=0.10, F(1,5)=2.9, R^2=0.54	p=0.31, F(1,6) = 1.21, R^2 = 0.17
	Total cognition composite (N=8)	p=0.094, d=0.77*	p=0.88, F(1,5)=0.14, R^2=0.053	p=0.78, F(1,5)=0.17, R^2=0.064	p=0.60, F(1,6)=0.60, R^2=0.048
	Crystalized cognition composite (N=8)	p=0.27, d=−0.33	p=0.83, F(1,5)=0.23, R^2=0.083	p=0.29, F(1,5)=0.97, R^2=0.28	p=0.52, F(1,6) = 0.52, R^2=0.074
	Pattern comparison processing speed (N=8)	p=0.078, d=0.88*	p=0.74, F(1,5)=0.30, R^2=0.11	p=0.33, F(1,5)=0.86, R^2=0.26	p=0.49, F(1,6) = 0.55, R^2=0.084
	Flanker inhibition (N=8)	p=0.7, d=0.11	p=0.99, F(1,5)=2.50, R^2=0.50	Neg, p=0.016, F(1,5)=15.2, R^2=0.86**	Neg, p=0.050, F(1,6) = 6.01, R^2=0.50*
	Dimensional change card sort (N=8)	p=0.23, d=0.47	p=0.21, R^2=0.68, F(1,5)=5.39	p=0.24, F(1,5)=5.02, R^2=0.67	Neg, p=0.035, F(1,6) = 7.34, R^2=0.55**
	List sorting working memory (N=8)	p=0.13, d=0.55	p=0.81, F(1,5)=0.041, R^2=0.016	Neg, p=0.0074, F(1,5)=9.47, R^2=0.79**	p=0.89, R^2=0.0033, F(1,6) = 0.020
	Picture sequence memory (N=8)	p=0.078, d=0.99*	p=0.13, F(1,5)=1.71, R^2=0.41	--	p=0.87, R^2=0.0046, F(1,6) = 0.028
	Oral symbol digit (N=8)	p=0.97, d=0.028	p=0.52, F(1,5)=0.67, R^2=0.21	p=0.15, F(1,5)=2.04, R^2=0.45	p=0.37, R^2=0.14, F(1,6) = 0.94
	Rey auditory learning (N=8)	p=0.22, d=0.51	p=0.53, F(1,5)=4.89, R^2=0.66	p=0.11, F(1,5)=9.3, R^2=0.79	Pos, p=0.019, R^2=0.63, F(1,6) = 10.3**

Neg = significant negative association; Pos = significant positive association. EM = episodic memory.

^aResults include age and cognitive domain covariates in the model.

^**p<0.05;

^*p<0.10.