Table 1. Clinical and molecular details of the patients with confirmed chromatinopathies.
Sl. no | Age/sex | Clinical features | Molecular diagnosis | Final diagnosis |
---|---|---|---|---|
1A | 7yr/M | GDD, hirsutism, brachycephaly, limb abnormalities, hypoplastic genitalia |
NIPBL
(ENST00000282516.13) (c.6893G > A)
(pathogenic) |
CdLS |
1B. | 4.5yr/F ( Fig. 1A, B ) |
GDD, FTT, arched eyebrows, smooth upper lip, thin upper lip vermilion, hirsutism, brachydactyly |
NIPBL
(ENST00000282516.8)
(c.7235_7238delinsAA)(p.Ser2412Ter) |
CdLS |
2. | 9mo/M ( Fig. 2A, B ) |
Broad thumbs, brachydactyly, downslant eyes, epicanthic folds, depressed nasal bridge, thin smooth upper lip, café-au-lait, glaucoma, epibulbar dermoid, mild developmental delay | CREBBP (c.886dupC) that resulted in a frameshift and premature truncation of the protein at codon 296 | RTS |
3. | 5yr/F ( Fig. 3 ) |
Laterally sparse eyebrows, eversion of lateral third of lower eyelid, broad nasal tip, short columella |
Heterozygous four base pair deletion exon 39 /
KMT2D
gene (c.11475_11478delACAG) /protein (p.Gln3826CysfsTer3)/
likely pathogenic |
KS |
4. | 11mo/F ( Fig. 4 ) |
Small palpebral fissures, thin upper lip, hypertrichosis cubiti, puffy hands, hypotonia, GDD, FTT |
KMT2A
(ENST00000534358.1)
(c.3464G > A) (p.Cys1155Tyr) |
WDST |
5. | 3yr/M ( Fig. 5 ) |
GDD, synophrys, hirsutism, toe nail hypoplasia, scalp hypotrichosis, ASD, agenesis of corpus callosum | SMARCB1 (c.1096C > T) (p.Arg 366Cys) | CS |
6. | 13y/M ( Fig. 6 ) |
ID, hyperactivity, broad bushy eyebrows, short anteverted nostrils, smooth upper lip, hirsutism, prominent upper central incisors | ANKRD11 ( c.7814T > G) Likely pathogenic | KBG |
Abbreviations: ASD, atrial septal defect; CdLS, Cornelia De Lange; CS, Coffin-Siris syndrome; FTT, failure to thrive; GDD, global developmental delay; ID, intellectual disability; KS Kabuki syndrome; RTS, Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome; WDST, Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome.