Table 4.

Occupational Therapy Initial Evaluation Findings for Maria

Assessment	Findings
Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (Alexopoulos et al., 1988)	The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia is a 19-item screening tool not intended as a diagnostic assessment. ∘ Total score = 38; >10 = probable major depressive episode; >18 = definite major depressive episode Maria scored 26/38, indicating a definite major depressive episode.
Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia Scale (PAINAD; Warden et al., 2003)	The PAINAD assesses pain on the basis of observations of five behaviors. ∘ Total score = 0–10 points; 1–3 = mild pain, 4–6 = moderate pain, 7–10 = severe pain Maria scored 6/10, indicating moderate pain.
Allen’s Cognitive Level Screen–II (ACL–II; Allen, 1991)	The ACL–II indicates current cognitive ability based on six cognitive levels, with each level consisting of five modes of performance. Maria was observed to be functioning at a level/mode of 3.6/6.0, indicating manual actions, noting effects on objects.
Routine Task Inventory–Expanded (RTI–E; Heimann et al., 1989)	The RTI–E assesses the ability to perform ADLs and IADLs. It is divided into four subscales: (1) Physical Scale–ADLs, (2) Community Scale–IADLs, (3) Communication Scale, and (4) Work Readiness Scale. The practitioner completed two of the four subscales with Maria on the basis of her current abilities and living situation: Physical Scale–ADLs and Communication Scale. Maria scored 3.2 on the Physical Scale–ADLs and a 3.5 on the Communication Scale.
Functional Assessment Staging Test (FAST; Reisberg, 1988)	The FAST assesses stages of dementia. ∘ Range: Stage 1 = no cognitive decline through Stage 7 = very severe cognitive decline Maria’s cognitive decline is consistent with a score of 6b, indicating severe cognitive decline.
Timed Up & Go (TUG; Podsiadlo & Richardson, 1991)	The TUG assesses an individual’s nonvestibular balance. ∘ A score ≥12 s indicates fall risk. Maria completed the assessment in 13 s, indicating she is at risk for falls.
Observations and informal care partner interviews	The occupational therapist observed Maria at various times and throughout several days. In addition, they interviewed several of Maria’s care partners who often work with Maria. After compiling the evaluation data, the occupational therapist noted that in the recent past Maria has consistently been sleeping more than usual, has been resisting care, is tearful at times, and has an increasingly poor appetite.

Note. ADLs = activities of daily living; IADLs = instrumental activities of daily living.