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. 2024 Mar 19;11:1374843. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1374843

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Copyright © 2024 Hynes and Kakumani.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Non-canonical small RNA precursor processing and miRNA biogenesis (A) snoRNA precursor biogenesis. A snoRNA precursor is exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where it undergoes cleavage by Dicer and possibly other unknown nucleases to produce a miRNA-like molecule that can function in gene silencing. (B) tRNA precursor biogenesis. tRNA molecules are exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where they can be cleaved into fragments that resemble a miRNA molecule that can function in gene silencing. (C) Dicer-independent miRNA biogenesis. The microprocessor generates pre-miR-451 via canonical means. Following export, pre-miR-451 associates with CSDE1 to promote interactions with AGO2, which cleaves the pre-miRNA. A poly(A)-dependent ribonuclease (PARN) trims the 3′end, resulting in mature RISC, whose recruitment is aided through interactions with CSDE1.