Table 2.

Disorders and treatments associated with brain fog–like symptoms.

Domain	Characteristics
Disorder associated
Major depressive disorder88	Difficulty concentrating
Multiple sclerosis9	Cognitive impairment, including processing speed, complex attention, working memory, visuospatial ability, and executive function
Sluggish cognitive tempo89,90	Slowed behavior and information processing; mental confusion, absent-mindedness, hypoactivity, deficiencies in perceptual processes, attentional selection, and orienting of attention
Treatment associated
Antidepressants with/without antipsychotics91	“Feeling foggy or detached”
Chemotherapy92	Deficiencies in neurocognitive tests, which can persist after withdrawal from treatment