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. 2024 Mar 19;15:1355757. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1355757

Table 4.

Results of the ITT repeated measures ANOVAs.

Pre-intervention – post-intervention (T1 – T2) Pre-intervention – follow-up I (T1 – T3)
Group effect Time effect Interaction effect Group effect Time effect Interaction effect
Outcome F p ηp2 F p ηp2 F p ηp2 F p ηp2 F p ηp2 F p ηp2
Mindfulness
Observing 0.73 0.535 0.01 5.47 0.020 0.03 1.35 0.261 0.02 0.17 0.915 0.00 7.56 0.007 0.04 0.52 0.670 0.01
Describing 1.31 0.273 0.02 21.94 <0.001 0.11 0.29 0.836 0.01 1.79 0.151 0.03 18.13 <0.001 0.10 0.12 0.951 0.00
Acting awareness 0.58 0.628 0.01 4.17 0.043 0.02 2.12 0.099 0.04 1.99 0.117 0.03 18.95 <0.001 0.10 0.15 0.932 0.00
Non-judging 0.45 0.717 0.01 28.20 <0.001 0.14 1.05 0.373 0.02 0.24 0.869 0.00 51.24 <0.001 0.23 1.53 0.210 0.03
Non-reactivity 0.85 0.466 0.02 58.58 <0.001 0.25 1.01 0.390 0.02 0.53 0.666 0.01 54.33 <0.001 0.24 1.68 0.174 0.03
Mindfulness characteristics
Body awareness 0.59 0.621 0.01 37.35 <0.001 0.18 0.44 0.726 0.01 0.77 0.512 0.01 16.93 <0.001 0.09 1.40 0.244 0.02
Non-attachment 0.77 0.511 0.01 3.34 0.070 0.02 0.49 0.689 0.01 0.48 0.694 0.01 10.44 0.001 0.06 0.62 0.605 0.01
Emotional regulation
Reappraisal 0.32 0.812 0.01 3.27 0.072 0.02 0.67 0.575 0.01 0.45 0.715 0.01 16.07 <0.001 0.09 1.58 0.196 0.03
Acceptance 0.29 0.833 0.01 8.95 0.003 0.05 0.15 0.928 0.00 0.12 0.947 0.00 11.83 <0.001 0.06 0.51 0.677 0.01
Rumination 0.63 0.594 0.01 37.59 <0.001 0.18 0.38 0.769 0.01 0.27 0.845 0.01 45.68 <0.001 0.21 0.52 0.669 0.01
Mental health
Depression 0.26 0.857 0.00 3.20 0.075 0.02 1.50 0.215 0.03 0.04 0.988 0.00 7.01 0.009 0.04 2.59 0.054 0.04
Anxiety 0.30 0.824 0.01 7.74 0.006 0.04 1.38 0.250 0.02 0.31 0.815 0.01 30.19 <0.001 0.15 1.14 0.335 0.02
Stress 0.18 0.911 0.00 17.35 <0.001 0.09 2.37 0.072 0.04 0.86 0.463 0.02 33.95 <0.001 0.16 0.40 0.755 0.01
Attentional abilities
Concentration 0.16 0.923 0.00 211.35 <0.001 0.55 3.16 0.026 0.05 0.63 0.599 0.01 93.86 <0.001 0.35 0.75 0.525 0.01
Working accuracy 0.24 0.866 0.00 78.10 <0.001 0.31 0.47 0.703 0.01 0.49 0.690 0.01 23.01 <0.001 0.12 0.38 0.766 0.01
Working speed 0.29 0.835 0.01 92.39 <0.001 0.35 0.58 0.627 0.01 0.33 0.802 0.01 44.27 <0.001 0.20 0.45 0.719 0.01
Pre-intervention – follow-up II (T1 – T4)
Group effect Time effect Interaction effect
Outcome F p ηp2 F p ηp2 F p ηp2
Mindfulness
Observing 0.08 0.969 00 4.29 0.040 0.02 0.22 0.883 0.00
Describing 2.51 0.061 0.04 49.27 <0.001 0.22 0.02 0.997 0.00
Acting awareness 0.78 0.504 0.01 4.62 0.033 0.03 1.37 0.253 0.02
Non-judging 0.42 0.737 0.01 13.23 <0.001 0.07 0.32 0.810 0.01
Non-reactivity 0.86 0.465 0.02 47.39 <0.001 0.22 2.24 0.085 0.04
Mindfulness characteristics
Body awareness 0.34 0.796 0.01 51.40 <0.001 0.23 1.65 0.180 0.03
Non-attachment 0.58 0.630 0.01 1.82 0.180 0.01 0.37 0.774 0.01
Emotional regulation
Reappraisal 0.28 0.843 0.01 15.93 <0.001 0.08 0.75 0.522 0.01
Acceptance 0.76 0.517 0.01 9.26 0.003 0.05 0.29 0.837 0.01
Rumination 0.36 0.785 0.01 19.25 <0.001 0.10 0.19 0.900 0.00
Mental health
Depression 1.09 0.356 0.02 0.21 0.648 0.00 1.65 0.181 0.03
Anxiety 0.94 0.422 0.02 3.30 0.071 0.02 0.89 0.447 0.02
Stress 0.58 0.626 0.01 12.67 <0.001 0.07 1.01 0.391 0.02
Attentional abilities
Concentration
Working accuracy
Working speed

Bold values represent the statistically significant results.