Table 6.
Results of the regression analyses: pre-test – follow-up I (T1 – T3).
| Mindfulness + app group | Mindfulness group | App group | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | B | SE | ß | t | p | B | SE | ß | t | p | B | SE | ß | t | p |
| Mindfulness | |||||||||||||||
| Observing | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.487 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.12 | −0.77 | 0.224 |
| Form. homework | −0.11 | 0.08 | −0.20 | −1.32 | 0.097 | −0.02 | 0.06 | −0.05 | −0.33 | 0.373 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Describing | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.20 | 1.32 | 0.098 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.37 | 0.356 |
| Form. homework | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.49 | 0.315 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.62 | 0.271 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Acting awareness | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.28 | 1.92 | 0.031 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.13 | 0.82 | 0.208 |
| Form. homework | −0.01 | 0.06 | −0.03 | −0.20 | 0.423 | −0.03 | 0.07 | −0.07 | −0.45 | 0.329 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Non-judging | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.01 | −0.08 | 0.470 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.06 | −0.40 | 0.345 |
| Form. homework | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.47 | 0.320 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.70 | 0.245 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Non-reactivity | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 1.16 | 0.127 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.17 | 1.09 | 0.141 |
| Form. homework | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.49 | 0.314 | −0.12 | 0.06 | −0.29 | −1.94 | 0.030 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Mindfulness characteristics | |||||||||||||||
| Body awareness | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.12 | 0.81 | 0.212 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.09 | −0.57 | 0.287 |
| Form. homework | −0.01 | 0.07 | −0.02 | −0.13 | 0.450 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.84 | 0.205 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Non-attachment | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.25 | 1.65 | 0.053 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 0.23 | 0.408 |
| Form. homework | −0.03 | 0.07 | −0.07 | −0.48 | 0.318 | −0.09 | 0.07 | −0.21 | −1.33 | 0.097 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Emotional regulation | |||||||||||||||
| Reappraisal | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.17 | 1.15 | 0.129 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.46 | 0.325 |
| Form. homework | −0.11 | 0.07 | −0.24 | −1.62 | 0.057 | −0.07 | 0.07 | −0.15 | −0.98 | 0.166 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Acceptance | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.28 | 1.89 | 0.033 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.73 | 0.234 |
| Form. homework | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.83 | 0.207 | −0.11 | 0.06 | −0.27 | −1.78 | 0.042 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Rumination | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.29 | −1.94 | 0.030 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.06 | −0.39 | 0.349 |
| Form. homework | −0.06 | 0.06 | −0.14 | −0.91 | 0.184 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.20 | 1.30 | 0.100 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Mental health | |||||||||||||||
| Depression | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.23 | −1.55 | 0.065 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.31 | 2.14 | 0.019 |
| Form. homework | −0.02 | 0.08 | −0.03 | −0.20 | 0.420 | −0.11 | 0.07 | −0.25 | −1.60 | 0.059 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Anxiety | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.17 | −1.09 | 0.141 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.20 | 1.34 | 0.094 |
| Form. homework | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.22 | 0.413 | −0.05 | 0.08 | −0.11 | −0.67 | 0.253 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Stress | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.23 | −1.49 | 0.072 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.498 |
| Form. homework | −0.02 | 0.07 | −0.04 | −0.29 | 0.386 | −0.13 | 0.07 | −0.29 | −1.90 | 0.033 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Attentional abilities | |||||||||||||||
| Concentration | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.14 | 0.89 | 0.189 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.14 | 0.89 | 0.190 |
| Form. homework | 0.00 | 0.04 | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.496 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.74 | 0.232 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Working accuracy | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.04 | −0.24 | 0.408 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.20 | −1.32 | 0.097 |
| Form. homework | −0.07 | 0.04 | −0.24 | −1.62 | 0.057 | −0.02 | 0.09 | −0.03 | −0.20 | 0.421 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Working Speed | |||||||||||||||
| App 7Mind use | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.09 | −0.57 | 0.285 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.22 | 1.45 | 0.078 |
| Form. homework | 0.00 | 0.05 | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.496 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.68 | 0.251 | – | – | – | – | – |
Form. Homework, formal mindfulness home practice after the intervention; app use after the intervention. Bold values represent the statistically significant results.