TABLE 2.
Interview Response Themes Associated With Consistently Taking ART at the Time of the Interview, 2014
| Themes Coded in Interview Transcriptsa | Full and Reduced Sample Sizesc | Percent Consistently Taking ART | Percent Not Taking, or Not Consistently Taking ART | Odds Ratio | Chi-Square Value (df = 1) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Precursors to Taking ART | ||||||
| In denial after learning HIV diagnosis | 84 | 47.8 | 16.4 | 4.68 | 8.80 | .0030 |
| 61 | 50.0 | 12.8 | 6.80 | 10.05 | .0020 | |
| Doctor told him he did not need to be on ART yet | 84 | 4.3 | 36.1 | 0.08 | 8.45 | .0037 |
| 61 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Respondent felt very sick | 84 | 30.4 | 3.3 | 12.91 | 12.88 | .0003 |
| 61 | 31.8 | 5.1 | 8.63 | 7.97 | .0050 | |
| Patient-level Factors | ||||||
| Respondent encouraged to take ART by others 84 | 17.4 | 3.3 | 6.21 | 5.02 | .0251 | |
| 61 | 18.2 | 0.0 | Zero cell; cannot calculate | 7.59 | .0060 | |
| Describes having HIV treatment plan 84 | 60.9 | 19.7 | 6.35 | 13.26 | .0003 | |
| 61 | 59.1 | 25.6 | 4.19 | 6.70 | .0100 | |
| Respondent motivated to take ART by seeing improvements in their clinical test results 84 | 21.7 | 3.3 | 8.19 | 7.45 | .0063 | |
| 61 | 22.7 | 5.1 | 5.44 | 4.29 | .0380 | |
| Respondent keeps ART medications visible as a reminder to take them 84 | 43.5 | 16.4 | 3.92 | 6.75 | .0094 | |
| 61 | 45.5 | 20.5 | 3.23 | 4.21 | .0400 | |
| Respondent found ways to mitigate ART side effects 84 | 43.5 | 14.8 | 4.44 | 7.87 | .0050 | |
| 61 | 45.5 | 23.1 | 2.78 | 3.28 | .0700 | |
| Provider-Patient Interaction Factors | ||||||
| Positive experience with providers who treat respondent with respect 84 | 8.7 | 0.0 | Zero cell; cannot calculate | 5.43 | .0200 | |
| 61 | 9.1 | 0.0 | Zero cell; cannot calculate | 3.67 | .0560 | |
| Positive experience with providers who are “straightforward,” “don’t play games” with respondent 84 | 13.0 | 1.6 | 9.00 | 4.79 | .0286 | |
| 61 | 13.6 | 2.6 | 6.00 | 2.81 | .0930 | |
| Positive experience with providers that give clear description on what to expect regarding their HIV treatment 84 17.4 | 1.6 | 12.63 | 7.40 | .0065 | ||
| 61 | 18.2 | 2.6 | 8.44 | 4.56 | .0330 | |
| Respondent is able to take in and understand information from doctor 84 | 26.1 | 6.6 | 5.03 | 6.07 | .0137 | |
| 61 | 27.3 | 7.7 | 4.50 | 4.29 | .0380 | |
| Respondent asks questions, makes sure he understands what doctor says 84 | 43.5 | 13.1 | 5.10 | 9.15 | .0025 | |
| 61 | 45.5 | 17.9 | 3.81 | 5.29 | .0210 | |
| Care Facility Factors: | ||||||
| Mentions convenient location of their HIV care facility | 84 | 30.4 | 8.2 | 4.90 | 6.75 | .0094 |
| 61 | 31.8 | 10.3 | 4.08 | 4.42 | .0350 | |
| Has “one-stop shop” care facility that provides all key services on siteb 84 | 56.5 | 27.9 | 3.36 | 5.97 | .0145 | |
| 61 | 59.1 | 30.8 | 3.25 | 4.67 | .0310 | |
Note. NA: not applicable. aThemes not associated with taking ART included: When respondent found out he was HIV-positive; Attitudes towards HIV testing; Respondent’s immediate reaction to learning his HIV status; Disclosure of HIV status to others; Current condom use behaviors; HIV treatment knowledge (including knowledge of his CD4 or viral load values); Partner’s knowledge of HIV treatment; or Partner’s own health issues); bThe “one-stop shop” association is influenced by respondent age. Specifically, it is associated with consistently taking ART among respondents younger than 45 years of age, but not among those 45 years old or older. See text for details; cThe full sample size is N = 84. The reduced sample size is n = 61. The reduced sample excludes 23 men who said their “doctor told him he did not need to be on ART yet.”