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. 2023 Jul 10;1(2):qxad023. doi: 10.1093/haschl/qxad023

Table 2.

Effect of former President Trump's election and leaked public charge draft: difference-in-difference results for well-child visit adherence, hospitalizations, and emergency department visits among children of immigrant and US-born mothers, 2015–2018.

Difference-in-difference: 2016 election Difference-in-difference: alternative treatment period 2016 election and leaked public charge draft
Well-child visits n Coefficient 95% CI n Coefficient 95% CI
Strict adherence
 Immigrant × postelection 10 291 −0.05*** −0.08 −0.02 10 922 −0.09*** −0.12 −0.05
Flexible adherence
 Immigrant × postelection 10 291 −0.05*** −0.08 −0.02 10 122 −0.08*** −0.12 −0.05
Detailed adherence
 Immigrant × postelection 7728 −0.07*** −0.09 −0.05 7632 −0.07*** −0.09 −0.05
Hospitalizations
 Immigrant × postelection 13 706 −0.009 −0.03 0.01 12 871 −0.01 −0.03 0.01
Emergency department visits
 Immigrant × postelection 13 085 0.009 −0.009 0.03 12 871 0.01 −0.005 0.03

Models for strict adherence and flexible adherence adjusted for research site, maternal race/ethnicity, education, and marital status, any household employment, child health insurance, health care utilization pattern, and age at sample entry. Models for detailed adherence adjusted for research site, maternal race/ethnicity, education, and marital status, any household employment, child health insurance, age at sample entry, and fixed effects for each well-child visit. Models for hospitalizations and emergency department visits adjusted for research site, maternal race/ethnicity, education, and marital status, any household employment, child health insurance and age at sample entry. Source: Authors’ analysis of Children's HealthWatch data, 2015–2018.

***P ≤ 0.001.