Table 6.
Brain MRI findings in neonates with surgical NEC based on Stage 2 and 3 AKI by serum creatinine.
| Total cohort n = 103 |
Severe AKI N = 31 |
Non-severe AKI N = 72 |
p Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MRI corrected GA, median (IQR) | 58 | 40.5 (38.3, 46.1) | 39.2 (37.3, 49.1) | 40.6 (39.1, 45.3) | .426 |
| White matter injury present, n (%) | 61 | 33 (54.1%) | 18 (90%) | 15 (36.6%) | <.001 |
| White Matter Injury Abnormality, n (%) | 61 | – | – | – | <.001 |
| No abnormality (5–6) | – | 28 (45.9%) | 2 (10%) | 26 (63.4%) | – |
| Mild (7–9) | – | 15 (24.6%) | 6 (30%) | 9 (22.0%) | – |
| Moderate (10–12) | – | 12 (19.7%) | 9 (45%) | 3 (7.3%) | – |
| Severe (13–15) | – | 6 (9.8%) | 3 (15%) | 3 (7.3%) | – |
| Grade of white matter signal abnormality nature and extent, n (%) | 60 | – | – | – | <.001 |
| Normal | – | 35 (58.3%) | 4 (20%) | 31 (77.5%) | – |
| Mild | – | 12 (20%) | 7 (35%) | 5 (12.5%) | – |
| Moderate | – | 13 (21.7%) | 9 (45%) | 4 (10%) | – |
| Loss in volume of periventricular white matter, n (%) | 60 | – | – | – | <.001 |
| Grade 1 | – | 29 (48.3%) | 3 (15%) | 26 (65%) | – |
| Grade 2 | – | 25 (41.7%) | 13 (65%) | 12 (30%) | – |
| Grade 3 | – | 6 (10%) | 4 (20%) | 2 (5%) | – |
| Extent of cystic abnormality, n (%) | 60 | – | – | – | .039 |
| Grade 1 | – | 45 (75%) | 11 (55%) | 34 (85%) | – |
| Grade 2 | – | 10 (16.7%) | 6 (30%) | 4 (10%) | – |
| Grade 3 | – | 5 (8.3%) | 3 (15%) | 2 (5%) | – |
| Ventricular dilation, n (%) | 60 | .001 | |||
| Grade 1 | – | 29 (48.3%) | 3 (15%) | 26 (65%) | – |
| Grade 2 | – | 23 (38.3%) | 13 (65%) | 10 (25%) | – |
| Grade 3 | – | 8 (13.3%) | 4 (20%) | 4 (10%) | – |
| Thinning of corpus callosum, n (%) | 60 | .004 | |||
| Grade 1 | – | 29 (48.3%) | 4 (20%) | 25 (62.5%) | – |
| Grade 2 | – | 24 (40%) | 13 (65%) | 11 (27.5%) | – |
| Grade 3 | – | 7 (11.7%) | 3 (15%) | 4 (10%) | – |
| Grey matter abnormality composite score, n (%) | 60 | .208 | |||
| Normal (3–5) | – | 53 (88.3%) | 16 (80%) | 37 (92.5%) | – |
| Abnormal (6–9) | – | 7 (11.7%) | 4 (20%) | 3 (7.5%) | – |
| Extent of grey matter signal abnormality, n (%) | 59 | – | – | – | .362 |
| Grade 1 | – | 51 (86.4%) | 16 (80%) | 35 (89.7%) | – |
| Grade 2 | – | 6 (10.2%) | 3 (15%) | 3 (7.7%) | – |
| Grade 3 | – | 2 (3.4%) | 1 (5%) | 1 (2.6%) | – |
| Quality of gyral maturation, n (%) | 60 | – | – | – | .145 |
| Grade 1 | – | 52 (86.7%) | 15 (75%) | 37 (92.5%) | – |
| Grade 2 | – | 6 (10%) | 4 (20%) | 2 (5%) | – |
| Grade 3 | – | 2 (3.3%) | 1 (5%) | 1 (2.5%) | – |
| Size of subarachnoid space, n (%) | 59 | – | – | – | .753 |
| Grade 1 | – | 47 (79.7%) | 15 (75%) | 32 (82.1%) | – |
| Grade 2 | – | 10 (17%) | 4 (20%) | 6 (15.4%) | – |
| Grade 3 | – | 2 (3.4%) | 1 (5%) | 1 (2.6%) | – |
| Cerebellar injury, n (%) | 57 | 19 (33.3%) | 9 (50%) | 10 (25.6%) | .070 |
AKI: acute kidney injury.
Categorical variables are presented as count (column percentage). Continuous variables are presented as mean (standard deviation) and, if not normally distributed, as median with interquartile range. Continuous measures’ statistical associations with AKI are evaluated with the Kruskal–Wallis test. Differences in categorical measures’ associations were tested using the Chi-square test when expected cell counts were adequate; otherwise, Fisher’s exact test was used with low expected cell counts.
The bold value signifies the p value is less than 0.05.