Table 3. Antimicrobial resistance mutation patterns of Mycoplasma genitalium, by demographic and sexual risk behaviour, Belgium, 2022 (n = 232).
| Characteristics | Total | Wild type | Macrolide resistance | Fluoroquinolone resistancea | Combined resistance | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | 95% CI | p value | n | % | 95% CI | p value | n | % | 95% CI | p value | n | % | 95% CI | p value | ||||
| Origin of samples | |||||||||||||||||||||
| NRC-STI | 34 | 14.7 | 6 | 0.004 | 26 | 0.008 | 10 | 0.672 | 8 | 0.822 | |||||||||||
| Prospective study | 198 | 85.3 | 88 | 44.4 | 37.4–51.7 | 102 | 51.5 | 44.3–58.7 | 50 | 25.3 | 19.4–31.9 | 42 | 21.2 | 15.7–27.6 | |||||||
| Region of residence | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Brussels | 47 | 20.3 | 12 | 0.037 | 33 | 0.025 | 13 | 0.276 | 11 | 0.106 | |||||||||||
| Flanders | 116 | 50.0 | 48 | 41.4 | 32.3–50.9 | 64 | 55.2 | 45.7–64.4 | 34 | 29.3 | 21.2–38.5 | 30 | 25.9 | 18.2–34.8 | |||||||
| Wallonia | 69 | 29.7 | 34 | 49.3 | 37.0–61.6 | 31 | 44.9 | 32.9–57.4 | 13 | 18.9 | 10.4–30.1 | 9 | 13.0 | 6.1–23.3 | |||||||
| Biological sex | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Female | 143 | 61.6 | 71 | 49.7 | 41.2–58.1 | < 0.001 | 64 | 44.8 | 36.4–53.3 | < 0.001 | 36 | 25.2 | 18.3–33.1 | 0.598 | 28 | 19.6 | 13.4–27.0 | 0.270 | |||
| Maleb | 87 | 37.5 | 22 | 25.3 | 16.6–35.7 | 63 | 72.4 | 61.8–81.5 | 23 | 26.4 | 17.6–37.0 | 21 | 24.1 | 15.6–34.5 | |||||||
| Unknown | 2 | 0.9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
| Transmission | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Womenc | 143 | 61.6 | 71 | 49.7 | 41.2–58.1 | < 0.001 | 64 | 44.8 | 36.4–53.3 | < 0.001 | 36 | 25.2 | 18.3–33.1 | 0.776 | 28 | 19.6 | 13.4–27.0 | 0.574 | |||
| MSMa | 24 | 10.3 | 0 | 24 | 6 | 6 | |||||||||||||||
| MSW | 30 | 12.9 | 11 | 18 | 10 | 9 | |||||||||||||||
| MSU or unknown gender | 35 | 15.1 | 12 | 22 | 8 | 7 | |||||||||||||||
| STI-associated symptoms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| No | 45 | 19.4 | 21 | 0.657 | 21 | 0.440 | 12 | 1.000 | 9 | 0.976 | |||||||||||
| Yes | 133 | 57.3 | 52 | 39.1 | 30.8–47.9 | 76 | 57.1 | 48.3–65.7 | 34 | 25.6 | 18.4–33.8 | 29 | 21.8 | 15.1–29.8 | |||||||
| Unknown | 54 | 23.3 | 21 | 38.9 | 31 | 57.4 | 43.2–70.8 | 14 | 25.9 | 15.0–39.7 | 12 | 22.2 | 12.0–35.6 | ||||||||
| CT or NG infection | |||||||||||||||||||||
| No | 196 | 84.5 | 82 | 41.8 | 34.8–49.1 | 0.815 | 106 | 54.1 | 46.8–61.2 | 1.000 | 49 | 25.0 | 19.1–31.7 | 0.788 | 41 | 20.9 | 15.4–27.3 | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 20 | 8.6 | 9 | 11 | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||
| Unknown | 16 | 6.9 | 3 | 11 | 7 | 5 | |||||||||||||||
| Total | 232 | 94 | 40.5 | 34.1–47.1 | 128 | 55.2 | 48.5–61.7 | 60 | 25.9 | 20.4–32.0 | 50 | 21.6 | 16.4–27.4 | ||||||||
CI: confidence interval; CT: Chlamydia trachomatis; MSM: men who have sex with men; MSU: men with unknown sex of sex partners or unknown gender; MSW: men who have sex with women; NG: Neisseria gonorrhoeae; NRC-STI: National Reference Centre of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Belgium; ParC: partitioning protein C; STI: sexually transmitted infections.
a Resistance-associated mutation leading to an alteration in ParC at position 83 or 87.
b One transwoman included.
c One woman reported same sex transmission.
Percentages not included where n < 60.