Table 4.
Quality assessment of case-control studies using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
| Author | Year | Selection | Comparability | Outcomes | Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Is the case definition adequate? | Representativeness of the cases | Selection of controls | Definition of controls | Comparability of cases and controls on the basis of the design or analysis | Ascertainment of exposure | Same method of ascertainment for cases and controls | Non-response rate | ||||
| Bradford | 2015 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Cappabianca | 2016 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Fitzgerald | 2018 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 |
| Harper | 2018 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Harris | 2020 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Tanaka | 2013 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Zweng | 2018 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Alyson | 2021 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |