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. 2024 Apr 2;19(4):e0301285. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301285

Table 4. Overall gender and STEM effects collapsed across year.

Item Gender STEM Gender x STEM
Overall stress Women > Men** NS NS
General Climate
    Good climate for women Women < Men*** NS NS
    Difficulty retaining women NS STEM > NonSTEM*** NS
    Serious about treating men and women equally Women < Men*** NS NS
    Women must work harder to be seen as competent Women > Men*** NS NS
    Women faculty with young children considered less committed Women > Men*** NS NS
    Men faculty with young children considered less committed NS NS NS
Student Behavior
    Treat women faculty differently than men Women > Men*** NS STEM***
NonSTEM: NS
    Respect women faculty less than men Women > Men*** NS STEM***
NonSTEM: NS
Leadership/Influence
    Most faculty as comfortable with woman department chair as man Women < Men*** NS NS
    Women less likely to have department influence Women > Men*** NS NS
    Effort made to promote women to leadership position Women < Men** STEM < NonSTEM*** NS
    Men more likely to be involved in informal networks Women > Men*** NS NS
Tenure/Promotion
    Tenure decision criteria applied the same way to women and men Women < Men*** NS STEM***
NonSTEM: NS
    Promotion decision criteria applied the same way to women and men Women < Men*** NS NS

Only items significant at the relevant Bonferroni-adjusted alpha level are indicated.

*p < .05.

**p < .01.

***p < .001.