Table 1. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics ( n = 99) .
| Variable | All Median (IQR) or number (%) n = 99 |
No/mild AKI Median (IQR) or number (%) n = 64 |
Severe AKI Median (IQR) or number (%) n = 35 |
p -Value (univariate) | OR | 95% confidence interval | p -Value (multivariable) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 10 (2, 14) | 12 (5, 15) | 3 (0, 13) | 0.005 | 0.97 | 0.85–1.11 | 0.64 |
| Infant (0–0.99 years) | 18 (18) | 7 (17) | 11 (31) | 0.01 | |||
| Child (1–11.99 years) | 38 (38) | 15 (23) | 23 (66) | 0.5 | |||
| Adolescent/young adult (age ≥ 12 years) | 43 (43) | 34 (53) | 9 (26) | 0.009 | |||
| Body surface area at transplant (m 2 ) | 1.1 (0.6, 1.5) | 1.3 (0.7, 1.7) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.1) | 0.001 | |||
| Sex (male) | 55 (56) | 34 (53) | 21 (60) | 0.5 | |||
| Race | |||||||
| White | 31 (31) | 18 (28) | 13 (37) | 0.7 | |||
| African American | 10 (10) | 7 (11) | 3 (9) | ||||
| Latino | 42 (42) | 27 (42) | 15 (43) | ||||
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 14 (14) | 10 (16) | 4 (11) | ||||
| Other | 2 (2) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | ||||
| Pretransplant diagnosis | |||||||
| Congenital heart disease | 50 (51) | 27 (42) | 23 (66) | 0.04 | 1.01 | 0.33–3.08 | 1 |
| Cardiomyopathy | 49 (49) | 37 (58) | 12 (34) | ||||
| Preoperative ventricular function (≥moderately depressed; n = 51) a | 24 (47) | 15 (48) | 9 (45) | 0.8 | |||
| VAD | 47 (47) | 32 (50) | 15 (43) | 0.5 | |||
| Total VAD days ( n = 47) | 111 (70, 153) | 119 (92, 149) | 76 (27, 166) | 0.2 | |||
| Preoperative creatinine clearance (mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) | 138 (115, 177) | 139 (117, 177) | 138 (104, 177) | 0.7 | |||
| Total listing days | 117 (60, 309) | 106 (62, 339) | 135 (39, 306) | 0.9 | |||
| Donor age (y) | 11 (2, 16) | 14 (4, 17) | 5 (0, 13) | 0.01 | |||
| Graft ischemic time (min) | 227 (184, 254) | 216 (177, 258) | 231 (209, 245) | 0.5 | |||
| Cardiopulmonary bypass time | 206 (166, 254) | 200 (160, 251) | 206 (178, 254) | 0.7 | |||
| Days to CNI initiation | 4 (3, 5) | 3 (3, 4) | 4 (3, 6) | 0.003 | |||
Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; CNI, calcineurin inhibitor; IQR, interquartile range; OR, odds ratio; VAD, ventricular assist device.
a
Patients on systemic ventricular VAD support were not included. One additional patient with intractable arrhythmia and unknown ventricular function at the time of transplant was also excluded.