Fig. 1. CD8⁺ T cell dysfunction in the obese tumor microenvironment.

Mice were placed on either normal chow (NC) or western diet (WD) for 12 weeks. A Body mass (NC n = 20, WD n = 20) and fat mass (NC n = 30, WD n = 30), B liver histology, C serum liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and cholesterol were measured (NC n = 10, WD n = 20). D Unsupervised UMAP clustering of scRNAseq data from CD8⁺ TIL sorted from day 14 established B16 tumors. E Relative expression of cluster-defining genes for each of the 6 clusters were identified. F Differential gene expression within TIL clusters 1 and 3 from mice on NC versus WD. G FACS analysis of CD8⁺ TIL from mice on NC (blue) or WD (red) showing surface protein expression of PD-1, Lag3, and Tim3 (NC n = 9, WD n = 7). Graphs display pooled data from 2 independent experiments. For all bar graphs, each point represents an individual mouse with SEM indicated by the error bars. All box-and-whisker plots: The box indicates the 25^th and 75^th percentile, the line indicates the data median, and the whiskers indicate the minimum and maximum of all individual values. All n’s represent an individual mouse. Exact P values were calculated by two-sided Mann–Whitney U test.