TABLE 2.
Nutrient removal by microalgae grown in food industry wastewater.
| Algal species | Wastewater | Nutrient removal efficiency | Biomass yield (g L-1) | Astaxanthin yield | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COD | TN (%) | TP (%) | |||||
| C. zofingiensis | Palm oil mill effluent (2.5% dilution) | 28.0% | 64.9 | 86.7 | 0.48 g L-1 | 2.71 mg L-1 | Fernando et al. (2021) |
| Dairy industry wastewater | 85.05% | 93.64 | 98.45 | 1.55 g L-1 | NA a | Yang et al. (2015a) | |
| H. lacustris | Palm oil mill effluent (7.5% dilution) | 50.9% | 49.3 | 69.4 | 0.52 g L-1 | 22.43 mg L-1 | Fernando et al. (2021) |
| 15% walnut shell extracts | 39.18% | 52.15 | 45.46 | 0.92 g L-1 | 27.17 mg L-1 | Yu et al. (2021) | |
| Potato juice wastewater (Pretreated through the mesophilic methanogenic reactor) | 50.1% | 83.4 | 86.5 | 0.41 g L-1 | 11.5 mg g-1 | Pan et al. (2021) | |
| Potato juice wastewater (Pretreated through the acidification reactor) | 61.0% | 71.3 | 92.0 | 0.38 g L-1 | 24.5 mg g-1 | Pan et al. (2021) | |
| Corn kernels fermentation wastewater | 67.0% (TOC) | 91.7 | 100 | 2.028 g L-1 | 1.109 mg g-1 dry weight | Haque et al. (2017) | |
| Synthetic dairy wastewater | 95.5% | 79.6 | 56.5 | 0.55 g L-1 | 2.1% | Nishshanka et al. (2021a), Nishshanka et al. (2021b) | |
| C. sorokiniana | Snack industry wastewater | 84.3% | 84.7 | 54.7 | 1.566 g L-1 | NA | Gupta and Pawar (2018) |
| Acid-producing wastewater | 74.44% | 88.05 | 82.69 | 5.67 g L-1 | NA | Su et al. (2022) | |
a
NA means not available.