Table 4.

Risk of bias of the included SRs/MAs.

Included studies	Phase 1	Phase 2				Phase 3
	Assessing relevance	Domain 1: study eligibility criteria	Domain 2: identification and selection of studies	Domain 3: collection and study appraisal	Domain 4: synthesis and findings	Risk of bias in the review
Cheng and Wu (2016)	low risk	high risk	high risk	low risk	low risk	low risk
Dong et al. (2018)	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	high risk
Liang et al. (2017)	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	high risk	high risk
Liao et al. (2015)	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	high risk	high risk
Lin et al. (2019)	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	high risk
Wang et al. (2020)	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk
Xiu et al. (2024)	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk
Zhang et al. (2022)	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	low risk	high risk