Table 2.

Multivariable analysis results for all-cause mortality, cancer-specific mortality, and disease progression

Variable	All-cause mortality		Cancer-specific mortality		Disease progression
	HR (95% CI)	p value	HR (95% CI)	p value	HR (95% CI)	p value
Age	1.03 (0.99–1.05)	0.061	1.01 (0.99–1.04)	0.280	0.99 (0.97–1.01)	0.273
Sex (male vs female)	1.04 (0.670–1.91)	0.860	0.93 (0.88–0.99)	0.014	2.90 (1.64–5.13)	<0.001
Body mass index	0.93 (0.88–0.98)	0.006	2.26 (0.41–7.60)	0.443	0.98 (0.92–1.05)	0.557
ECOG PS (0/1 vs 2/3)	1.54 (0.40–5.88)	0.528			3.66 (1.12–11.97)	0.032
Location of metastases
Lung	Reference		Reference		Reference
Liver	1.23 (0.67–1.23)	0.948	1.04 (0.87–1.11)	0.961	1.45 (0.65–3.95)	0.255
Bone	0.95 (0.54–1.70)	0.868	0.99 (0.54–1.82)	0.969	1.84 (0.79–4.26)	0.158
Brain	1.11 (0.46–2.65)	0.817	1.13 (0.45–2.86)	0.793	2.32 (0.85–6.35)	0.102
Other	0.98 (0.91–1.34)	0.768	1.67 (0.34–4.10)	0.267	1.36 (0.79–4.50)	0.345
Motzer risk category
Low risk	Reference		Reference		Reference
Intermediate risk	1.44 (0.36–5.52)	0.617	1.45 (0.33–6.38)	0.627	1.57 (0.40–6.21)	0.518
High risk	1.11 (0.38–3.26)	0.852	1.27 (0.38–4.22)	0.701	1.99 (0.71–5.61)	0.193
PO complications	1.00 (0.582–1.72)	0.998	–		1.06 (0.60–1.88)	0.846
Estimated blood loss	1.00 (0.99–1.00)	0.546	1.01 (0.99–1.02)	0.112	1.00 (0.99–1.01)	0.228
MIS (vs open surgery)	–		–		1.40 (0.61–3.20)	0.426
Primary tumor size	1.10 (0.58–1.71)	0.043	1.12 (1.02–1.24)	0.018	1.06 (0.97–1.16)	0.187
No. of metastases at Dx	1.06 (1.01–1.11)	0.015	1.07 (1.02–1.12)	0.011	1.10 (1.05–1.16)	<0.001
TKI treatment (vs IO)	2.36 (1.14–4.89)	0.021	10.0 (0.77–77.0)	0.027	0.63(0.21–1.89)	0.411
STx before CN (vs after)	0.67 (0.46–0.98)	0.039	0.49 (0.32–0.74)	<0.001	0.68 (0.48–0.99)	0.041

CI = confidence interval; CN = cytoreductive nephrectomy; Dx = diagnosis; ECOG PS = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; HR = hazard ratio; IO = immuno-oncology agent; MIS = minimally invasive surgery; PO = perioperative; STx = systemic therapy; TKI = tyrosine kinase inhibitor.