TABLE 1.

Metabolites identified as significantly different during univariate ANOVA analysis (adjusted P‐value) from human serum collected immediately pre‐ and post‐exercise in hot and temperate conditions and PLS‐DA generated variance in importance of projection (VIP) scores for each metabolite.

	ANOVA			Pairwise comparisons				PLS‐DA VIP scores
Metabolite	F	P	Adjusted P	Pre‐ temperate versus hot	Post‐hot versus pre‐hot	Post‐temperate versus pre‐temperate	Post‐temperate versus hot	Comp 1	Comp 2
Propylene glycol	191.06	5.81 × 10−31	1.51 × 10−29	0.3381	2.03 × 10−11	2.03 × 10−11	0.6506	1.76	1.65
Isopropanol	103.26	7.18 × 10−24	9.34 × 10−23	0.9430	2.03 × 10−11	2.03 × 10−11	0.8147	1.67	1.55
Arginine	88.23	3.70 × 10−22	3.21 × 10−21	0.9583	2.03 × 10−11	2.04 × 10−11	0.9902	1.65	1.54
Lactate	59.01	5.06 × 10−18	3.29 × 10−17	0.9754	2.04 × 10−11	1.80 × 10−10	0.9994	1.53	1.42
Mannose	47.14	6.86 × 10−16	3.57 × 10−15	0.0498	2.46 × 10−11	2.09 × 10−7	0.3386	1.57	1.51
Phenylalanine	39.95	2.08 × 10−14	9.01 × 10−14	0.9511	2.24 × 10−10	1.49 × 10−8	0.7814	1.54	1.46
Creatine	27.06	2.98 × 10−11	1.11 × 10−10	1.0000	5.24 × 10−8	1.06 × 10−6	0.9798	1.40	1.29
Tyrosine	13.15	1.00 × 10−6	3.25 × 10−6	0.9725	0.0029	0.0001	0.3983	1.15	1.13
Lysine	12.08	2.63 × 10−6	7.59 × 10−6	0.9955	0.0001	0.0028	0.9154	1.08	1.03
Glutamate	11.33	5.29 × 10−6	1.37 × 10−5	0.1782	0.0011	0.0025	0.2084	0.93	1.00
Glucarate	9.34	3.60 × 10−5	0.0001	0.9693	0.0003	0.0228	0.9943	0.85	0.78
Citrate	8.61	0.0001	0.0002	0.2010	0.0004	0.2794	0.9903	1.00	1.00
2‐Hydroxyisovalerate	6.90	0.0004	0.0009	0.1013	0.0725	0.1244	0.0553	0.58	1.00
Glucose	4.30	0.0081	0.0150	1.0000	0.0124	0.3798	0.6038	0.66	0.76
Acetate	3.54	0.0197	0.0341	0.9988	0.0322	0.3645	0.9078	0.61	0.60
Acetoacetate	3.43	0.0224	0.0364	0.6442	0.1404	0.2497	0.5402	0.49	0.64
Alanine	3.13	0.0320	0.0489	0.2598	0.1187	0.9357	0.9107	0.45	0.58