TABLE 2.

Absolute changes in haemodynamics after sternotomy and pericardiotomy.

Variable	Change after sternotomy	P‐value (sternotomy vs. baseline)	Change after pericardiotomy	P‐value (pericardiotomy vs. baseline)	P‐value (pericardiotomy vs. sternotomy)	P‐value (overall ANOVA)
Haemodynamics
PCWP, mmHg*	1 ± 2	0.677	0 ± 1	0.938	0.905	0.670
PVR, dyn/s/cm5	−4 ± 40	0.964	−23 ± 44	0.392	0.250	0.263
SVR, dyn/s/cm5	136 ± 190	0.220	54 ± 141	0.599	0.193	0.117
PVR/SVR	−0.026 ± 0.020	0.035	−0.038 ± 0.044	0.136	0.640	0.065
Ventilation
Arterial pH	0.005 ± 0.011	0.524	0.004 ± 0.014	0.795	0.364	0.303
$P_{\mathrm{aC}{\mathrm{O}}_2}$, kPa	0.10 ± 0.26	0.594	−0.06 ± 0.23	0.781	0.365	0.296
$P_{\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{O}}_2}$, kPa	−0.49 [−0.70 to 0.30]	>0.999	0.30 [−0.72 to 0.79]	>0.999	>0.999	0.964

Note: Absolute differences in cardiopulmonary variables at baseline with closed chest and closed pericardium from conditions after sternotomy with open chest but closed pericardium and after pericardiotomy with open chest and open pericardium. Data are presented as the mean ± SD or median [interquartile range] where appropriate. n = 7 for all except ^* n = 5.

Abbreviations: $P_{\mathrm{aC}{\mathrm{O}}_2}$, partial pressure of arterial CO₂; $P_{\mathrm{a}{\mathrm{O}}_2}$, partial pressure of arterial O₂.; PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; SVR, systemic vascular resistance.