Table 2.

Comparison of serum lactate parameters by serum magnesium levels from ICU admission to day 5

	HypoMg (Mg level < 1.6 mg/dL)	NormoMg (1.6–2.4 mg/dL)	HyperMg (Mg level > 2.4 mg/dL)	P-value
ICU admission	N = 105	N = 558	N = 96
Lactate level, mmol/L	3.9 (2.2–6.1)	2.1 (1.3–3.3) **	2.1 (1.4–3.6) **	< 0.001
Lactic acidosis n (%)	84 (70)	288 (51.6) **	48 (50) **	< 0.001
Severe lactic acidosis n (%)	48 (45.7)	103 (18.5) **	23 (24) **	< 0.001
Day 2	N = 105	N = 553	N = 65
Lactate level, mmol/L	2.3 (1.5–3.6)	1.4 (1.0–2.2) **	1.6 (1.2–2.1) **	< 0.001
Lactic acidosis n (%)	61 (58.1)	152 (27.5) **	16 (24.6) **	< 0.001
Severe lactic acidosis n (%)	21 (20)	42 (7.6) **	4 (6.2) *	< 0.001
Day 3	N = 63	N = 560	N = 56
Lactate level, mmol/L	1.8 (1.2–2.3)	1.3 (1.0–1.9) **	1.5 (1.1–1.9)	0.001
Lactic acidosis n (%)	22 (34.9)	109 (19.5) *	9 (16.1)	0.011
Severe lactic acidosis n (%)	8 (12.7)	20 (3.6) **	0 (0) *	< 0.001
Day 4	N = 42	N = 516	N = 50
Lactate level, mmol/L	1.6 (1.1–2.3)	1.3 (1.0–1.7) *	1.3 (1.0–1.7)	0.019
Lactic acidosis n (%)	13 (31.0)	84 (16.3)	4 (8.0) *	0.011
Severe lactic acidosis n (%)	5 (11.9)	11 (2.1) **	0 (0)	< 0.001
Day 5	N = 30	N = 472	N = 42
Lactate level, mmol/L	1.8 (1.3–2.2)	1.3 (1.0–1.7) *	1.4 (1.0–1.9)	0.004
Lactic acidosis n (%)	11 (36.7)	70 (14.8) *	6 (14.3)	0.006
Severe lactic acidosis n (%)	2 (6.7)	8 (1.7)	0 (0)	0.13

Continuous and categorical data are presented as medians with interquartile ranges (25th and 75th percentiles) and counts with percentages, respectively

Multiple comparisons were performed using the Steel–Dwass test, chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test with the Bonferroni correction

Abbreviations: HypoMg hypomagnesemia, NormoMg normomagnesemia, HyperMg Hypermagnesemia, Mg magnesium, ICU intensive care unit

Comparison with HypoMg: * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01. Comparison with NormoMg: ^† P < 0.05; ^†† P < 0.01