Table 3.
Subgroup analysis
|
Subgroup
|
No. of studies
|
No. of patients
|
Pooled rates as % (95 %CI)
|
I
2 as %
|
τ2
|
| Technical success rate | |||||
| Low-quality | 5 | 173 | 94.7 (86.7-99.5) | 53.0 | 0.01 |
| High-quality | 9 | 447 | 97.3 (93.8-99.5) | 59.0 | < 0.01 |
| European | 10 | 467 | 95.1 (91.1-98.1) | 55.0 | < 0.01 |
| Outside the European | 4 | 153 | 99.7 (96.1-100.0) | 16.0 | < 0.01 |
| Cohort size (≥ 50 patients) | 6 | 419 | 96.1 (91.8-99.0) | 69.0 | < 0.01 |
| Cohort size (< 50 patients) | 8 | 201 | 96.8 (91.5-99.9) | 45.0 | < 0.01 |
| Single-center | 7 | 233 | 97.0 (90.7-100.0) | 66.0 | 0.01 |
| Multi-center | 7 | 387 | 96.0 (92.3-98.7) | 46.0 | < 0.01 |
| Published before 2021 | 6 | 324 | 97.0 (92.8-99.6) | 60.0 | < 0.01 |
| Published from 2021 onwards | 8 | 306 | 96.1 (90.9-99.4) | 51.0 | < 0.01 |
| Clinical success rate | |||||
| Low-quality | 4 | 106 | 88.4 (80.8-94.6) | 0 | < 0.01 |
| High-quality | 9 | 447 | 91.6 (85.6-96.3) | 75.0 | 0.01 |
| European | 10 | 467 | 89.9 (83.7-94.9) | 73.0 | 0.01 |
| Outside the European | 3 | 86 | 94.6 (87.7-99.1) | 0 | 0 |
| Cohort size (≥ 50 patients) | 5 | 352 | 90.0 (81.4-96.2) | 84.0 | 0.01 |
| Cohort size (< 50 patients) | 8 | 201 | 91.5 (85.1-96.5) | 36.0 | < 0.01 |
| Single-center | 7 | 233 | 91.9 (86.9-95.9) | 29.0 | < 0.01 |
| Multi-center | 6 | 320 | 90.0 (81.2-96.4) | 81.0 | 0.02 |
| Published before 2021 | 5 | 247 | 93.7 (88.6-97.5) | 41.0 | < 0.01 |
| Published from 2021 onwards | 8 | 306 | 88.7 (81.0-94.7) | 60.0 | 0.01 |
| Adverse events rate | |||||
| Low-quality | 4 | 106 | 13.1 (1.6-30.6) | 77.0 | 0.03 |
| High-quality | 9 | 447 | 18.5 (14.4-22.9) | 28.0 | < 0.01 |
| European | 10 | 467 | 16.4 (10.7-22.9) | 60.0 | < 0.01 |
| Outside the European | 3 | 86 | 22.9 (11.9-35.8) | 11.0 | < 0.01 |
| Cohort size (≥ 50 patients) | 5 | 352 | 13.3 (7.1-21.0) | 69.0 | < 0.01 |
| Cohort size (< 50 patients) | 8 | 201 | 22.3 (15.4-30.0) | 13.0 | < 0.01 |
| Single-center | 7 | 233 | 14.1 (6.7-23.3) | 63.0 | 0.01 |
| Multi-center | 6 | 320 | 20.4 (14.2-27.3) | 43.0 | < 0.01 |
| Published before 2021 | 5 | 247 | 16.7 (11.6-22.4) | 39.0 | < 0.01 |
| Published from 2021 onwards | 8 | 306 | 17.8 (9.8-27.3) | 66.0 | 0.01 |
| Reintervention rate | |||||
| Low-quality | 4 | 106 | 6.8 (0-22.6) | 80.0 | 0.03 |
| High-quality | 9 | 447 | 7.9 (5.4-10.8) | 17.0 | < 0.01 |
| European | 10 | 467 | 6.0 (2.8-10.0) | 48.0 | < 0.01 |
| Outside the European | 3 | 86 | 15.1 (7.5-24.2) | 0 | 0 |
| Cohort size (≥ 50 patients) | 5 | 352 | 6.5 (2.1-12.7) | 70.0 | 0.01 |
| Cohort size (< 50 patients) | 8 | 201 | 8.8 (4.0-14.7) | 28.0 | < 0.01 |
| Single-center | 7 | 233 | 7.8 (2.1-15.8) | 67.0 | 0.01 |
| Multi-center | 6 | 320 | 6.9 (4.2-10.2) | 24.0 | < 0.01 |
| Published before 2021 | 5 | 247 | 10.1 (6.1-14.9) | 22.0 | < 0.01 |
| Published from 2021 onwards | 8 | 306 | 5.2 (1.0-11.3) | 59.0 | 0.01 |
CI: Confidence interval.