Table 2.
Logistic regression analysis for the prognostic factors of upper gastrointestinal bleeding
|
Univariate Logistic analysis
|
Multivariate Logistic stepwise forward analysis
|
||||||
|
OR
|
P value
|
95%CI
|
OR
|
z value
|
P value
|
95%CI
|
|
| Age | 1.017 | 0.010 | 1.004-1.030 | ||||
| Weight | 0.974 | 0.004 | 0.957-0.992 | ||||
| BMI | 0.916 | 0.002 | 0.866-0.968 | ||||
| Previous UGIB history | 1.550 | 0.036 | 1.028-2.337 | ||||
| Liver disease | 2.677 | < 0.001 | 1.718-4.173 | ||||
| Cirrhosis | 4.341 | < 0.001 | 2.713-6.945 | ||||
| Autoimmune diseases | 4.798 | 0.042 | 1.060-21.715 | ||||
| Cerebral infarction | 2.123 | 0.006 | 1.247-3.612 | ||||
| Stroke | 2.030 | 0.008 | 1.207-3.416 | 1.710 | 1.45 | 0.148 | 0.826-3.540 |
| Liver failure | 5.036 | < 0.001 | 3.149-8.052 | 2.370 | 2.66 | 0.008 | 1.254-4.480 |
| Hematemesis | 3.293 | < 0.001 | 2.177-4.980 | ||||
| Black stool | 0.537 | 0.005 | 0.349-0.827 | ||||
| Palpitation | 2.958 | < 0.001 | 1.961-4.462 | ||||
| Amaurosis | 1.892 | 0.030 | 1.063-3.366 | ||||
| Sweat | 1.969 | 0.002 | 1.284-3.020 | ||||
| Altered mental status | 4.798 | 0.042 | 1.060-21.715 | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure | 0.986 | 0.006 | 0.976-0.996 | ||||
| Diastolic blood pressure | 0.959 | < 0.001 | 0.942-0.976 | ||||
| Pulse | 1.044 | < 0.001 | 1.031-1.057 | 1.039 | 4.73 | < 0.001 | 1.023-1.055 |
| Anemia appearance | 3.971 | < 0.001 | 2.560-6.161 | ||||
| Neutrophil count | 1.061 | 0.010 | 1.014-1.110 | ||||
| Lymphocyte count | 0.647 | < 0.001 | 0.509-0.823 | ||||
| RBC | 0.436 | < 0.001 | 0.341-0.557 | ||||
| MCV | 0.969 | 0.007 | 0.947-0.991 | ||||
| HCT | 0.901 | < 0.001 | 0.876-0.927 | ||||
| Hemoglobin | 0.972 | < 0.001 | 0.964-0.980 | ||||
| CRP | 1.009 | 0.007 | 1.002-1.015 | ||||
| Fibrinogen | 0.768 | 0.013 | 0.624-0.947 | ||||
| D-dimer | 1.081 | 0.006 | 1.023-1.142 | ||||
| Albumin | 0.814 | < 0.001 | 0.780-0.851 | 0.912 | -3.37 | 0.001 | 0.864-0.962 |
| Ferritin | 1.001 | 0.004 | 1.000-1.001 | ||||
| Blood transfusion | 12.305 | < 0.001 | 7.849-19.290 | 4.387 | 5.00 | < 0.001 | 2.458-7.831 |
| Somatostatin and its analogs | 4.870 | < 0.001 | 2.477-9.572 | ||||
| Peptic ulcer | 0.225 | < 0.001 | 0.150-0.339 | ||||
| UGIC | 3.165 | < 0.001 | 1.761-5.690 | 3.795 | 3.32 | 0.001 | 1.727-8.337 |
| EGVB | 5.426 | < 0.001 | 3.373-8.729 | ||||
| Dark spots | 2.082 | 0.036 | 1.049-4.132 | ||||
| Bleeding | 4.139 | < 0.001 | 2.721-6.297 | ||||
| Adherent thrombosis | 4.992 | < 0.001 | 3.278-7.604 | ||||
| Visible vessels | 4.039 | < 0.001 | 2.682-6.083 | ||||
| Lesion diameter ≥ 2 cm | 2.609 | 0.001 | 1.492-4.559 | ||||
| SRH | 6.916 | < 0.001 | 4.219-11.336 | 4.089 | 4.43 | <0.001 | 2.192-7.626 |
| Rebleeding | 7.417 | < 0.001 | 3.794-14.500 | 2.071 | 1.69 | 0.090 | 0.892-4.809 |
BMI: Body mass index; UGIB: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding; RBC: Red blood cell; MCV: Mean corpuscular volume; HCT: Hematocrit; CRP: C reactive protein; UGIC: Upper gastrointestinal carcinoma; EGVB: Esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding; SRH: Stigmata of recent hemorrhage.