Table 2.

Propensity Score Matching for Scheuermann’s Disease and Vitamin D Deficiency^a.

Demographic	Vitamin D deficiency (original) n = 1024	No Vitamin D deficiency (original) n = 10,253	SMD before matching	Vitamin D deficiency (matched) n = 1012	No Vitamin D deficiency (matched) n = 1012	SMD after matching	P value after matching
Age (SD)	16.6 ± 5.5	14 ± 4.84	0.5129	15.5 ± 5.47	15.3 ± 5.22	0.0558	0.2098
Male (%)	556 (54.297)	6,650 (64.91)	0.2176	556 (54.941)	545 (53.854)	0.0218	0.6235
Female (%)	468 (45.703)	3,594 (35.081)	0.2178	456 (45.059)	467 (46.146)	0.0218	0.6235
White (%)	281 (27.441)	2,367 (23.104)	0.0999	278 (27.47)	281 (27.767)	0.0066	0.8814
Black or African American (%)	12 (1.172)	98 (0.957)	0.021	12 (1.186)	14 (1.383)	0.0176	0.693
Asian (%)	10 (0.977)	10 (0.098)	0.1205	10 (0.988)	0 (0)	0.1413	0.0015
American Indian or Alaska Native (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	–	0 (0)	0 (0)	–	–
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	–	0 (0)	0 (0)	–	–
Unknown race (%)	729 (71.191)	7,772 (75.861)	0.106	720 (71.146)	717 (70.85)	0.0065	0.8832
Hispanic or Latino (%)	38 (3.711)	217 (2.118)	0.0948	38 (3.755)	39 (3.854)	0.0052	0.9075
Not Hispanic or Latino (%)	304 (29.688)	2460 (24.012)	0.1283	300 (29.644)	297 (29.348)	0.0065	0.8837
Unknown ethnicity (%)	682 (66.602)	7568 (73.87)	0.1595	674 (66.601)	676 (66.798)	0.0042	0.9248
Anxiety disorder	325 (31.738)	1117 (10.903)	0.526	314 (31.028)	319 (31.522)	0.0107	0.8105
Obesity	329 (32.129)	1107 (10.805)	0.5378	319 (31.522)	343 (33.893)	0.0506	0.2555
Fibromyalgia	91 (8.887)	229 (2.235)	0.2934	84 (8.3)	79 (7.806)	0.0182	0.683
Myositis	90 (8.789)	221 (2.157)	0.2947	84 (8.3)	74 (7.312)	0.0368	0.4074

^aData are listed as mean ± SD or percentage (%). SMD: standard mean difference.