TABLE 2.

Recent publications (2021 or 2022 early access) on the detection of various environmental contaminants using SERS

Substrates	Analytes	Sample or Sample Matrix	LODs	References
Silver @ molecular imprinted polymers	Carbendazim	Water	1 × 10–9 M	[162]
Silver microspheres	Carbendazim	Chinese tea	–	[163]
Silver nanoparticles	Carbendazim	Spiked orange juice and kale leaves	<2 mg/L	[164]
Gold nanoparticles	Chlorothalonil	Spiked orange peels and standard solution	0.1 mg/L	[166]
Titanium carbide Mxene with bimetallic nanocuboids	Crystal violet, malachite green, methylene blue	Spiked pond water	10–12 M	[168]
Gold nanorods on regenerated cellulose	Crystal violet and thiram	Substrate surface	1 aM	[161]
Quart paper/cellulose nanofibres/silver nanoparticles + gold nanostars	Ferbam	Spike kale	50 mg/kg	[179]
2‐mercaptoethanol/gold @ silver nanoparticles	Ferbam and thiabendazole	Polluted apple puree	0.0042 and 0.0064 mg/L	[20]
Poly (ethylene terephthalate)/pDA/zinc oxide/silver	Malachite green	Substrate surface	10–7 M	[169]
Parahydrophobic nanoparticles	Malachite green	Water	–	[170]
Silver nanowires @ polydimethylsiloxane	Malachite green	Spiked apple and pear juice	10 nm	[171]
Cotton fibre silver nanoparticles	Malachite green	Spiked fish	0.05 mg/L	[172]
Gold‐silver alloy nanochains	Rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and thiram	Analyte on SERS substrate	0.03 mg/L (thiram)	[127]
Methylcellulose decorated silver nanoparticles	Thiram	Spiked tomato and cucumber peels	2.4 ng/cm2	[128]
Silver/hedgehog like nanosphere array	Thiram	Analyte on SERS substrate	10–8 M	[129]
Gold/zinc oxide nano urchins	Thiram	Analyte on SERS surface	10 pM	[130]
Plasmonic nanocavities	Thiram	Apple pericarp	10–11 M	[131]
Copper oxide @ zinc oxide @ silver biomimetic setaria	Thiram	Apple	Single molecule	[132]
Silver nanoparticles/fluorinated ethylene propylene	Thiram	Apple	0.1 mg/kg	[133]
Silver nanoparticles	Thiram	Apple	0.1 mg/L	[134]
Micropyramid array/silver nanoparticles	Thiram	Analyte on SERS substrate	1 × 10–7 M	[135]
Silver/polystyrene nanoparticles	Thiram	Apple peel, mineral water and apple juice	0.0024 mg/L (apple juice and mineral water) and 600 ng/cm2 (apple peel)	[136]
Mesoporous gold @ silver nanowires @ 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxy‐oxidized – cellulose nanofiber	Thiram	Analyte on SERS substrate	10 fM	[137]
Yolk shell gold‐silver nanorods	Thiram	Apple juice	97 nM	[138]
2D titanium carbide MXene/gold nanorods	Thiram	Mixture of SERS substrate and analyte deposited on Si substrate	10–8 M	[139]
Silver/tungsten oxide nanoflakes	Thiram	Apple peel	1.3 pM	[140]
Silver @ tannic acid @ silicon dioxide	Thiram	Analyte on SERS substrate	10–8 M	[141]
Silver nanoparticles/waterborne polyurethane emulsion	Thiram	Apple	9.0165 ng/cm2	[142]
Ferrero chocolate like– copper oxide @ silver microspheres	Thiram	Apple peels	0.018 mg/L	[143]
Gold @ silver nanorods	Thiram	Apple	–	[144]
Gold nanorods	Thiram	Analyte and SERS substrate	10–9 M	[145]
Silver nanoparticles @ copper (II) hydroxide nanowires/copper mesh	Thiram	Analyte and SERS substrate	0.1 mM–50 nM	[146]
Silver @ tungsten disulfide quantum dots	Thiram	Honey and 4 juices: apple, peach, grape and orange	50 µg/L	[147]
Silver nanoparticles	Thiram	Theoretical	1.2 × 10–8 M	[148]
Silver nanoparticles	Thiram	Analyte on SERS substrate	1 µM	[149]
Silver @ gold nanorods	Thiram, propineb and mancozeb	Romaine lettuce and broccoli	0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/L	[150]
Gold @ silver nanoparticles	Thiabendazole	Apple	0.001 mg/L	[177]
Tape/gold @ silver/poly ethylene terephthalate film	Thiram	Apple, tomato and cucumber peels	5 ng/cm2	[61]
Polymath methacrylate‐silver / graphite‐like carbon nitride / silver	Thiabendazole and carmine acid	Apple and apple sauce	2.296 × 10–6 and 6.76 × 10–5 mg/mL	[175]
Silver‐nanoparticles @ zinc oxide‐nanowires	Thiram and methyl parathion	Analytes and SERS substrate	0.79 × 10–9 and 1.51 × 10–8 M	[151]
Silver nanoparticles @ free standing porous silicon	Thiram, ammonium nitrate and picric acid	Analytes on SERS substrate	1, 2 and 1 µM	[152]
Gold @ silver nano cuboids	Thiabendazole extracted from pear surface and malachite green in fish pond water	Pear peel and pond water	0.0105 and 0.87 nM	[173]
Gold nanocubes/graphene oxide/silver nanoparticles	Thiram and thiabendazole	Drinking water	0.37 and 8.3 µg/L	[153]
Silver nanoparticles	Thiram and ziram	Apple juice	10–2 and 10–4 mg/L	[154]
Gold @ 4‐mercaptobenzoic acid @ silver nanoparticles	Thiram and thiabendazole	Aqueous and organic phases	1.58 × 10–9 and 1.26 × 10–7 M	[79]
Gold @ silver nanoparticles	Thiabendazole, thiram, endosulfan and malathion	Strawberry extract	44–88 µg/kg	[155]
Silver stars	Rhodamine B, methylene blue, thiram and phosmet	Analytes and SERS substrate	2.6 × 10–16,1.97 × 10–17, 1.78 × 10–18 and 4.08 × 10–14 M	[156]
Silver 4 ‐NTP @ gold nanoparticles	Chlorothalonil, imidacloprid and oxyfluorfen	Spiked samples: river water and soil Real samples: river water, soil, rice, apple and cabbage	–	[167]
Gold nanoparticles	Thiram, phorate and benthiocarb	Rice, vegetables and fruits	10–8 g/mL for thiram, 10–6 g/mL for phorate and benthiocarb	[157]
3D‐random crossed woodpile	Thiram, carbaryl, paraquat and fipronil	Analyte on SERS substrate	5–0.05 µM in 20 µL	[158]
Gold nanoparticles	Thiram, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos	Tap water	–	[159]
Mercaptooctane/gold @ silver nanoparticles	Tricyclazole and thiram	Pear extract	0.005 and 0.003 mg/L	[39]
Silver substrate	2,4,5–trichlorophenoxyacetic acid	Analyte adsorbed on SERS substrate	–	[190]
Gold nanorods	Atrazine	Analyte on SERS substrate	1.8 µM	[182]
Silver nanoparticles	Deethylhydroxyatrazine	Humic substances	–	[185]
Gold nanostars	Paraquat	Green tea	0.2 mg/kg	[187]
Silver nanoparticles	Paraquat	Lake, tap and drinking water	1.2 µg/L	[188]
Silver nanoparticles	Prometryn and atrazine	Soil	5.5 µg/kg and 4.0 µg/kg for unpurified PRM and AT 1.3 µg/kg and 0.021 µg/kg for purified PRM and ATZ in SHS	[184]
Silver nanoprisms	Atrazine, simazine, irgarol and diuron	Analyte on SERS substrate	10–3 M	[186]
Cyclodextrin‐gold nano satellite	Paraquat, diquat and difenzoquat	Ground apple	0.05 mg/L	[189]
Gold @ silver nanoflowers	2,4–D and imidacloprid	Milk	2.73 × 10–4 and 4.25 × 10–4 ng/mL	[191]
Silver nanoparticles/poly methyl methacrylate	Parathion and fenitrothion	Tomato and lemon	10–9 and 10–10 M	[193]
Gold nanoparticles	Acetamiprid	Apple and spinach	1.9 × 10–7 M	[209]
Silver nanoparticles	Chlorfenapyr	Chive	7 mg/L	[210]
Silver palladium and gold palladium	Chlorpyrifos	Analyte on SERS substrate	0.66 mg/kg	[194]
Silver @ zinc oxide nanoflowers	Chlorpyrifos	Rice	0.01 µg/mL	[196]
Gold nanoparticles	Chlorpyrifos	Tea	–	[197]
Silver nanoparticles	Dichlorvos	Analyte on SERS substrate	1 mg/L	[211]
Gold @ platinum nanoparticles	Dichlorvos	Pear	20 µg/L	[212]
Psi‐Pd NPs	Imidacloprid	Analyte on SERS substrate	10–9 M	[202]
Antigen‐gold nanorods @ silver – 4‐ MBN	Imidacloprid	River water and apple juice	9.58 nM	[203]
Gold nanoparticles	Imidacloprid	Analyte and SERS substrate	–	[204]
Gold‐gel	Parathion‐methyl	Analyte on SERS substrate	10–9 M	[199]
Silver nanoparticles	Pymetrozine	Apple and cabbage	0.01 mg/L	[214]
Silver @ DNA/PDA‐cellulose nanofiber	Thiamethoxam	Apple	0.003 mg/kg	[59]
Mesoporous copper (I) oxide @ silver nanoparticles	Pymetrozine and thiram	Tea	0.1 ng/g	[160]
Gold substrate	Acetamiprid and imidacloprid	Plasmon activated water	5 and 10 µg/L	[205]
Ag@D‐TMIP	Carbaryl and thiodicarb	Spiked tap water	–	[208]
Silver @ gold nano tetrahedrons	Profenofos, acetamiprid and carbendazim	Real samples	0.0021, 0.0046 and 0.0061 ng/mL	[165]
Silver nanoparticles	Methomyl, acetamiprid and 2,4–dichlorophenoxyacetic acid	Green tea	5.58 × 10–4, 1.88 × 10–4 and 4.72 × 10–3 µg/mL	[192]
Gold nanoparticles	Temephos, acetamiprid, dicofol and fenvalerate	Basil leaf	–	[274]
Au/Cys‐Fe3O4/MIL‐101	Parathion methyl	Juice	5 mg/L	[200]
Gold superlattices particles	Organochlorine (OCP): (4,4′‐DDT, a‐endosulfan, tetradifon and chlordane)	Water	–	[201]
Titanium carbide/silicon dioxide/polydimethylsiloxane	Acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam	Apple, wheat, green tea and corn	7.9, 6.9, 4.8 and 8.2 fM	[206]
Aluminum‐titanium dioxide‐metal organic framework‐silver composite sheet	4‐aminothiophenol	River water	1 × 10–9 M	[275]
Silver/cobalt 2‐methylimida‐zole metal–organic framework/titanium dioxide/copper sheet	4‐aminothiophenol	Deionized and river water	5 × 10‐11 M	[276]
Gold @ silver‐thioglycolic acid nanoparticles	Thiabendazole and ferbam	Milk	0.12 and 0.003 mg/L	[178]
(S‐MOF@Au)	Tartrazine (TA), chloramphenicol (CP), imidacloprid (IDP) and crystal violet (CV)	Analyte and SERS substrate	1.0×10–9 M for TA, 8.0 ×10–11 M for CP, 6.4 × 10–11 M for IDP and 5.0 × 10–12 M for CV	[207]
Gold @ silver nanorods	Thiabendazole	Apple and peach juice	0.032 and 0.034 mg/L	[174]
Silver nanoparticles	Thiabendazole and 1,2,3,5‐tetrachlorobenzene	Analyte and SERS substrate	3.7 × 10–7 and 2.3 × 10–5 M	[176]
Silver nanoprism/graphene oxide/silicon nanowire arrays	Atrazine	Analyte and SERS substrate	10–6 M	[183]
Gold nanostars / PDMS	Methyl parathion	Apple	1.946 µg/mL	[198]
Gold @ silver nanorods	Nile blue A dye and fenobucarb pesticide	Analyte on SERS substrate	1.5 × 10−8 M (fenobucarb)	[213]

Articles were obtained by performing the following search on Web of Science and removing non‐environmental papers: SERS + Pesticide. The table details substrate type, analyte type, the sample or sample matrix used, method LOD and the corresponding reference.