Table 4.

A GLMM assuming a negative binomial distribution, on the effects of rearing treatment, test number and sex on the total number of helping behaviour performed by the focal individual in the helping task (n = 74 trials, n = 27 individuals). (Significant p-values are highlighted in bold.)

fixed effects	factor level	estimate	s.e.	d.f.	χ²	p-value
rearing treatment	large	0.862	0.777	1	1.243	0.265
test number				2	3.957	0.138
	test 2	0.532	0.289
	test 3	0.078	0.322
sex	male	−2.252	0.839	1	6.818	0.009