Table 1.
Summary of findings table for lighter sedation versus deeper sedation.
| Lighter sedation compared to deeper sedation in critically ill adult patients. | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients or population: Critically ill adult patient admitted to intensive care unit. Setting: Admitted to intensive care unit. Intervention: Lighter sedation. Control: Deeper sedation. | ||||||
| Outcome | Anticipated absolute effect size (95% CI)c |
Relative effect size (95% CI) | No of participants (studies) | Certainty of evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Risk with control | Risk with intervention | |||||
| All-cause mortality (follow up range: 28 days–365 days) | 343 per 1000 | 339 per 1000 | RR: 0.94 (0.83, 1.06) | 4352 (15 RCT) | Moderatea | Risk of bias: Serious Inconsistency: No Indirectness: No Imprecision: No Publication bias: No |
| Serious adverse events (follow up range: 28 days–365 days) | 411 per 1000 | 406 per 1000 | RR: 0.99 (0.92, 1.06) | 4352 (15 RCT) | Moderatea | Risk of bias: Serious Inconsistency: No Indirectness: No Imprecision: No Publication bias: No |
| Delirium (follow up range: 7 days–45 days) | 332 per 1000 | 339 per 1000 | RR: 1.01 (0.94, 1.09) | 3368 (11 RCT) | Moderatea | Risk of bias: Serious Inconsistency: No Indirectness: No Imprecision: No Publication bias: No |
| PTSD (follow up range: 4 weeks-2 months) | 88 per 1000 | 85 per 1000 | RR: 0.97 (0.33, 2,85) | 138 (2 RCT) | Lowa,b | Risk of bias: Serious Inconsistency: No Indirectness: No Imprecision: yes Publication bias: No |
RR: Risk ratio CI: Confidence interval; GRADE: GRADE Working Group grades of evidence.
GRADE Working Group grades of evidence.
High certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect.
Explanations:
Downgraded one for risk of bias.
Downgraded one for imprecision due to small sample size and wide confidence intervals.
The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).