Fig. 5.

Human pDCs were activated by a combination of anti-PD-L1 Abs and MPLA. Human PBMCs were treated with 500 ng/ml of MPLA, 10 μg/ml anti-PD-L1 Abs, and a combination of MPLA and anti-PD-L1 Abs. a Human pDCs and cDCs were defined by flow cytometry. b The expression levels of PD-L1 in human pDCs and cDCs were analyzed by flow cytometry (left panel). The MFI of PD-L1 in pDCs and cDCs was shown (right panel). c The levels of co-stimulatory molecules and MHC class molecules in human pDCs (upper panel) and cDCs (lower panel). d The percentages of IFN-α producing pDCs were shown. e The concentration of IFN-α in the cultured media was measured by ELISA. f Intracellular production of IFN-γ in CD4 and CD8 T cells. g Intracellular production levels of perforin and granzyme B in CD8 T cells. Data are an average of six independent samples (two donors for three experiments, n = 6)