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. 2024 Apr 3;14:7883. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58383-2

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Distance walked by C. scutellaris ants on a trail of 2-tridecanol enantiomers (A) for (S)-(+)-tridecan-2-ol and (B) for (R)-(−)-tridecan-2-ol. Images on the top are heatmaps of each experimental group (n = 15) showing the accumulated trajectories of all tested ants. The yellow colour intensity represents the spatial passage probability. Below, Mean ± SEM distance walked on the trail are plotted. Ants exposed to (R)-(−)-tridecan-2-ol had a response significantly higher than the control at all tested concentrations. Ants exposed to (S)-(+)-tridecan-2-ol showed responses significantly higher than the control only for the two higher concentrations (1 and 10 ng/µL). Star labels represent the results of Dunnett’s multiple comparisons against the control: *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 (exact adjusted p-values in the Supplementary Table S1).