Table 3.

Prognostic factors for progression-free survival

		Univariable			Multivariable
		HR	95% CI	p value	HR	95% CI	p value
Age	(< 60 vs. ≥ 60 years)	0.78	0.51–1.18	0.233
Sex	(Male vs. female)	1.19	0.67–2.12	0.547
ECOG PS	(0–1 vs. 2)	2.87	1.15–7.13	0.024	1.61	0.59–4.37	0.353
BMI	(≥ 18.5 vs. < 18.5)	1.09	0.44–2.70	0.850
Sarcopenia	(No vs. yes)	1.31	0.80–2.14	0.280
Viral status	(Others vs. HBV/HCV)	1.54	0.85–2.77	0.153
ALBI group	(grade 1 vs. 2–3)	1.64	1.08–2.50	0.020	1.27	1.01–2.24	0.049
AFP*		1.15	1.00–1.32	0.046	0.71	0.45–1.11	0.066
Intrahepatic tumor burden	(< 50% vs. ≥ 50%)	1.56	0.99–2.45	0.057
Extrahepatic metastasis	(No vs. yes)	0.79	0.45–1.41	0.430
Surgery	(No vs. yes)	0.89	0.58–1.35	0.570
RFA	(No vs. yes)	0.82	0.52–1.28	0.381
TACE	(No vs. yes)	0.76	0.49–1.17	0.211
TKI	(No vs. yes)	0.72	0.29–1.77	0.467
RT	(No vs. before/concurrent)	0.66	0.42–0.99	0.049	0.71	0.45–1.11	0.134
ALC & NLR risk group+	(0 vs. 1–2)	2.37	1.53–3.67	< 0.001	2.04	1.29–3.21	0.002
SMI1month/SMIbaseline	(Continuous)	0.91	0.37–2.25	0.833
ALC1month/ALCbaseline	(Continuous)	1.06	0.62–1.79	0.839
NLR1month/NLRbaseline	(Continuous)	0.88	0.72–1.07	0.191

HR hazards ratio, CI confidence interval, ECOG PS Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, BMI body mass index, HBV hepatitis B virus, HCV hepatitis C virus, ALBI Albumin–Bilirubin score, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, RFA radiofrequency ablation, TACE trans-arterial chemoembolization, TKI tyrosine kinase inhibitor, RT radiation therapy, ALC absolute lymphocyte count, NLR neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, SMI skeletal muscle index

*AFP (log transformed) was treated as a continuous variable

⁺Risk group refers to patients with ALC < 800 or NLR ≥ 3