Table 3.

Summary of process conditions for acid hydrolysis

Pre-treatment	Concentration	Temp (oC)	Time (mins)	Maximum conversion/yield (%)	Source
	2% w/v H2SO4	150	30	30.0a	Canilha et al. (2010)
Steam	35 mM H2SO4	35	960	35.0a	Roberto et al. (1991)
	1% w/v H2SO4 + 1% w/v CH3COOH	190	10	90.9	De Moraes Rocha et al. (2011)
	1.8% w/v H2SO4	95	360	38.0a	Van Zyl et al. (1988)
Acid	2% w/v H2SO4 (ultra-sound assisted)	50	45	92.81a	Velmurugan and Muthukumar (2011)
–	1% v/v H2SO4	121	40	–	Borges and Pereira (2011)
–	100 mg H2SO4 per g SCB	121	10	–	Rodrigues et al. (2001)
–	Dil. H2SO4 (microwave-assisted)	180	30	–	Chen et al. (2012)

^aOptimum yield of ethanol from fermentation