Table 1.
Study characteristics.
| Study | Year | Total case (n) | Case (n) | Age (year) | Duration of disease | Treatment regimen | Treatment duration | Outcomes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trial group | Control group | Trial group | Control group | Trial group | Control group | Trial group | Control group | |||||
| Huang (2007) | 2007 | 92 | 50 | 42 | NA | NA | NA | NA | HBO + Rivastigmine | Rivastigmine | NA | ① |
| Tian et al. (2007) | 2007 | 92 | 50 | 42 | 71.8 ± 8.9 | 72.6 ± 9.1 | NA | NA | HBO + Rivastigmine | Rivastigmine | NA | ① |
| Yuan et al. (2010) | 2010 | 43 | 23 | 20 | 70.8 ± 7.9 | 73.8 ± 8.5 | NA | NA | HBO + Donepezil | Donepezil | 12 weeks | ①③ |
| Liu et al. (2011) | 2011 | 80 | 40 | 40 | 79.38 ± 6.539 | 78.08 ± 6.904 | NA | NA | HBO + MXK capsules | MXK capsules | 45 to 75 days | ①③ |
| Gao et al. (2017) | 2017 | 60 | 30 | 30 | 72.5 ± 9.4 | 71.9 ± 8.7 | 2 to 11 years | 2 to 13 years | HBO + Donepezil | Donepezil | 2 months | ②③④ |
| Zhu et al. (2017) | 2017 | 60 | 30 | 30 | 67.3 ± 4.1 | 68.5 ± 3.2 | 12.1 ± 5.3 months | 11.3 ± 4.4 months | HBO | Wait-list | 2 weeks | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧ |
| Xu et al. (2019) | 2019 | 72 | 36 | 36 | 68.92 ± 6.03 | 69.78 ± 4.38 | NA | NA | HBO + Donepezil | Donepezil | 2 months | ① |
| Wang (2020) | 2020 | 78 | 39 | 39 | 70.76 ± 5.43 | 70.42 ± 5.61 | 4.87 ± 0.62 years | 5.34 ± 0.79 years | HBO + GDI | GDI | 6 months | ①④⑦ |
| Zhang (2020) | 2020 | 86 | 43 | 43 | 71.35 ± 5.73 | 71.52 ± 5.89 | 5.22 ± 1.19 years | 5.42 ± 1.23 years | HBO + Memantine | Memantine | 40 days | ④⑤⑥ |
| Wang et al. (2021) | 2021 | 98 | 49 | 49 | NA | NA | NA | NA | HBO + GBE | GBE | 2 weeks | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧ |
| Zhao et al. (2021) | 2021 | 86 | 43 | 43 | 73.06 ± 2.55 | 73.28 ± 2.47 | 2.96 ± 0.27 years | 3.01 ± 0.35 years | HBO + Donepezil | Donepezil | 3 months | ①③④ |
HBO, hyperbaric oxygen; NA, not applicable; GDI, Ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole injection; GBE, Ginkgo biloba leaf extract; MXK, Maixuekang; ①: MMSE ②: ADAS-Cog; ③: ADL; ④: adverse events; ⑤: MDA; ⑥: SOD; ⑦: IL-1β; ⑧: TGF-β1.