FIGURE 5.

CMCoh at the 20% and 40% contraction levels of iMVC during (A) wrist-hand extension and (B) wrist-hand flexion under non-tsES and tsES. The CMCoh value is given as mean ± SD. The significant differences are denoted as “*” for p < 0.05 (Paired t-test), “**” for p < 0.01 (Paired t-test), and “ ^# ” for p < 0.05 (Wilcoxon signed rank test). ECU-ED: the combined muscle of extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) and extensor digitorum (ED); FCR-FD: the combined muscle of flexor carpi radialis (FCR) and flexor digitorum (FD); BIC: biceps brachii; TRI: triceps brachii; APB: abductor pollicis brevis; CMCoh: cortico-muscular coherence; tsES: trans-spinal electrical stimulation; Ex: wrist-hand extension; Fx: wrist-hand flexion.