Table 3.
Cancer outcomes according to immune-related adverse events and treatment characteristics*
| Characteristics [n (%)] | No progression (n = 15) | Progression (n = 11) |
|---|---|---|
| PAD type—rheumatic | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 2/8 | 6/8 |
| Psoriasis | 4/7 | 3/7 |
| Psoriatic arthritis/peripheral SpA | 2/4 | 2/4 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 2/4 | 2/4 |
| Axial spondyloarthropathy | 2/2 | 0/2 |
| SLE | 2/2 | 0/2 |
| Systemic therapies for PAD at ICI initiation | ||
| Any Prednisone | 1 (5 mg) | 0 |
| Any immunosuppressive drug | 7 (47%) | 6 (55%) |
| MTX | 1 | 1 |
| MTX/HCQ | 0 | 2 |
| MTX/HCQ/SSZ | 1 | 0 |
| HCQ | 3 | 0 |
| HCQ/SSZ | 0 | 1 |
| 5-aminosalicylic acid | 1 | 1 |
| Apremilast | 0 | 1 |
| Apremilast/SSZ/Pred 5 mg | 1 | 0 |
| Immune-related adverse events | ||
| Any irAE | 13 (87%) | 8 (73%) |
| Number of irAE | ||
| 1 | 5 | 5 |
| 2 | 5 | 3 |
| 3 | 2 | 0 |
| 4 | 1 | 0 |
| Maximal irAE grade | ||
| 1 | 2 | 0 |
| 2 | 7 | 5 |
| 3 | 4 | 2 |
| 4 | 0 | 1 |
| Systemic therapies after ICI initiation | ||
| Any corticosteroids* | 11 (73%) | 4 (36%) |
| Low-dose oral corticosteroids (5 mg) | 1 (new arthritis at < 1 m) | |
| Moderate-dose oral corticosteroids (25–30 mg) | 2 (arthritis flare at < 1 m; new arthritis at 8 m) | 1 (arthritis flare at 8 m) |
| High-dose oral or intravenous corticosteroids (≥ 50 mg) | 8 (psoriasis flare and new arthritis [< 1 m, 4 m], PMR flare [< 1 m], new hepatitis [< 1 m], new acral vasculitis [< 1 m], new colitis [5 m], ILD progression [2 m], mucositis/gastritis [3y]) | 3 (new PMR at < 1 m, new arthritis at 1 m, new neutropenia at 1 m) |
| Any immunosuppressive drug | 13 (87%) | 9 (82%) |
| MTX | 2 (2 added for psoriasis flare and new arthritis) | 2 (1 continued, 1 added for new PMR) |
| MTX/HCQ | 1 (added for arthritis flare) | 2 (2 continued) |
| MTX/HCQ/SSZ | 3 (1 continued, 2 added for new arthritis) | 1 (added for arthritis flare) |
| MTX/SSZ | 1 (MTX continued, SSZ added for arthritis flare) | 0 |
| HCQ/SSZ | 1 (SSZ continued, HCQ added for arthritis flare) | 1 (continued) |
| HCQ | 4 (3 continued, 1 added for new arthritis) | 1 (added for new arthritis) |
| Mycophenolic acid | 1 (added for new acral vasculitis and myositis) | 0 |
| Cyclosporin/IVIg | 0 | 1 (added for new neutropenia) |
| Secukinumab | 0 | 1 (added for psoriasis and colitis flare) |
| ICI discontinuation for irAE | 5 (33%) | 5 (45%) |
| For flare | 0 | 2 |
| For new irAE | 5 | 3 |
HCQ hydroxychloroquine; ICI immune checkpoint inhibitor; irAE immune-related adverse events; m month(s) from ICI initiation; MTX methotrexate; PAD preexisting autoimmune disease; SSZ sulfasalazine
*Data on tumor response were missing in 1 patient. Corticosteroid doses are in prednisone-equivalent daily dose