Fig. 6.

Refinement of checkpoint signature. a Three immune checkpoint molecules in the plasma (PD-L1, TIM3 and CD28) were upregulated in responders in both cohorts. A signature score was applied to quantify “the refined signature” (PD-L1, TIM3 and CD28) by averaging the included checkpoint molecules after log2 transformation of the concentration value. b Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses of the refined signature score in the response (CR/PR) and nonresponse (SD/PD) subgroups in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively.