Fig. 4.

Adverse events. a Management of patients with CRS and ICANS. Colors on the swimmer lane plot indicate the highest grade of any cytokine-release symptom and neurologic symptom recorded on each day for patients through the first 25 days after CAR T infusion (n = 12; 9 grade 1–2 CRS, 2 grade 3–4 CRS; 6 grade 1–2 ICANS, 4 grade 3–4 ICANS). The graph (top) shows the mean of the highest grade of neurotoxicity occurring in all patients on each day after CAR-T cell infusion. Dex Dexamethasone, i.v. intravenous, IT intrathecal injection. b Temperature monitoring after CD19 CAR T-cell infusion. c Changes of systolic blood pressure after CD19 CAR T-cell infusion. d Changes of fluid volumes after CD19 CAR T-cell infusion. e Monitoring of serum cytokine markers of systemic inflammation including interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), sCD25 after CD19 CAR T-cell infusion. f The flowchart showing the detailed treatment of CRS and ICANS