Table 3.
Characteristics of the study population according to each adverse neonatal outcome.
| Features | Low birth weight |
Premature |
Small for gestational age |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 195) | Yes (n = 17) | p | No (n = 188) | Yes (n = 24) | p | No (n = 186) | Yes (n = 26) | p | |||||
| Maternal pulmonary TB | 0.003 | 0.005 | 0.002 | ||||||||||
| No | 107 (92.3) | 3 (2.7) | 104 (94.6) | 6 (5.5) | 104 (94.6) | 6 (5.5) | |||||||
| Yes | 88 (86.3) | 14 (13.7) | 84 (82.3) | 18 (17.7) | 82 (80.4) | 20 (19.6) | |||||||
| Characteristics of the mother | |||||||||||||
| Mother's age | 0.208 | 0.449 | 0.300 | ||||||||||
| Adolescent (15–17 years old) | 13 (81.3) | 3 (18.7) | 13 (81.3) | 3 (18.7) | 13 (81.3) | 3 (18.7) | |||||||
| 18–34 years old | 157 (92.3) | 13 (7.7) | 153 (90) | 17 (10) | 148 (87.1) | 22 (12.9) | |||||||
| Older mother (35–45 years) | 25 (96.1) | 1 (3.9) | 22 (84.6) | 4 (15.4) | 25 (96.1) | 1 (3.9) | |||||||
| Place of residence | 0.967 | 0.737 | 0.669 | ||||||||||
| Lima | 184 (92) | 16 (8) | 177 (88.5) | 23 (11.5) | 175 (87.5) | 25 (12.5) | |||||||
| Province | 11 (92.7) | 1 (8.3) | 11 (91.7) | 1 (8.3) | 11 (91.7) | 1 (8.3) | |||||||
| Marital status | 0600 | 0.174 | 0.134 | ||||||||||
| Single/Widowed/Divorced | 57 (90.5) | 6 (9.5) | 53 (84.1) | 10 (15.9) | 52 (82.5) | 11 (17.5) | |||||||
| Married/Cohabitant | 138 (92.6) | 11 (7.4) | 135 (90) | 14 (9.4) | 134 (89.9) | 15 (10.1) | |||||||
| Parity | 0.114 | 0.193 | 0.699 | ||||||||||
| Primiparous | 56 (87.5) | 8 (12.5) | 54 (84.4) | 10 (15.6) | 57 (89.1) | 7 (10.9) | |||||||
| Multiparous | 139 (93.9) | 9 (6.1) | 134 (90.5) | 14 (9.5) | 129 (87.2) | 19 (12.8) | |||||||
| Education level | 0.378 | 0.480 | 0.466 | ||||||||||
| Higher | 22 (95.7) | 1 (4.3) | 22 (95.7) | 1 (4.3) | 22 (95.7) | 1 (4.3) | |||||||
| High school completed | 122 (93.1) | 9 (6.9) | 116 (88.6) | 15 (11.4) | 114 (87) | 17 (13) | |||||||
| Did not finish school | 51 (87.9) | 7 (12.1) | 50 (86.2) | 8 (13.8) | 50 (86.2) | 8 (13.8) | |||||||
| Pregestational weight | 0.282 | 0.955 | 0.430 | ||||||||||
| Greater than or equal to 50 kg | 149 (93.1) | 11 (6.9) | 142 (88.8) | 18 (11.2) | 142 (88.8) | 18 (11.2) | |||||||
| Less than 50 kg | 46 (88.5) | 6 (11.5) | 46 (88.5) | 6 (11.5) | 44 (84.6) | 8 (15.4) | |||||||
| Type of delivery | 0.578 | 0.534 | 0.273 | ||||||||||
| Vaginal delivery | 94 (93.1) | 7 (6.9) | 91 (90.1) | 10 (9.9) | 86 (85.1) | 15 (14.9) | |||||||
| Cesarean section | 101 (91) | 10 (9) | 97 (87.4) | 14 (12.6) | 100 (90.1) | 11 (9.9) | |||||||
| Comorbidity | 0.664 | 0.303 | 0.498 | ||||||||||
| No | 125 (92.6) | 10 (7.4) | 122 (90.4) | 13 (9.6) | 120 (88.9) | 15 (11.1) | |||||||
| Yes | 70 (90.9) | 7 (9.1) | 66 (85.7) | 11 (14.3) | 66 (85.7) | 11 (14.3) | |||||||
| Characteristics of the newborn | |||||||||||||
| Sex of the NB | 0.170 | 0.416 | 0.606 | ||||||||||
| Female | 91 (94.8) | 5 (5.2) | 87 (90.6) | 9 (9.4) | 83 (86.5) | 13 (13.5) | |||||||
| Male | 104 (89.7) | 12 (10.3) | 101 (87.1) | 15 (12.9) | 103 (88.8) | 13 (11.2) | |||||||
| NB size | 0.036 | 0.091 | 0.046 | ||||||||||
| Normal | 165 (93.7) | 11 (6.3) | 159 (90.3) | 17 (9.7) | 158 (89.8) | 18 (10.2) | |||||||
| Underweight | 30 (83.3) | 6 (16.7) | 29 (80.6) | 7 (19.4) | 28 (77.8) | 8 (22.2) | |||||||
| NB with IUGR | 0.207 | 0.014 | 0.433 | ||||||||||
| No | 192 (92.3) | 16 (7.7) | 186 (89.4) | 22 (10.6) | 183 (88) | 25 (12) | |||||||
| Yes | 3 (75) | 1 (25) | 2 (50) | 2 (50) | 3 (75) | 1 (25) | |||||||
| Head circumference of the NB | 0.391 | 0.380 | 0.174 | ||||||||||
| Normal | 174 (92.6) | 14 (7.4) | 168 (89.4) | 20 (10.7) | 167 (88.8) | 21 (11.2) | |||||||
| Microcephaly | 21 (87.5) | 3 (12.5) | 20 (83.3) | 24 (11.3) | 19 (79.2) | 5 (20.8) | |||||||
TB: tuberculosis; NB: newborn; IUGR: intrauterine growth restriction