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. 2022 Jan 28;9(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s40643-022-00497-4

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Fig. 9 — Schematic of flavonoids biosynthesis. PAL, phenylalanine ammonia lyase; C4H, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase; 4CL, p-coumaric acid: CoA ligase; TAL, tyrosine ammonia lyase; CHS, chalcone synthase; CHI, chalcone isomerase; FNS, flavone synthase; IFS, isoflavone synthase; F3H, flavanone 3-hydroxylase; FLS, flavonol synthase; F3′H, flavonoid 3′-hyroxylase; F3′5′H, flavonoid 3′,5′-hyroxylase; DFR, dihydroflavonol reductase; ANS, anthocyanidin synthase