Fig. 3.

Intratumoral regional differences and spatial niches underlying CD8⁺ T-cell heterogeneity along with immunosuppressive cells. a Schematic illustration of the regions of interest in multiplexed single-cell analysis. b Summary of the percent distribution by cell phenotype in ccRCC invasive margin samples. c–e Pairwise comparisons of the density of CD8⁺ T-cells (c), bystander CD8⁺CD39⁻ T-cells (d), and CD8⁺CD39⁺PD-1⁺ T-cells (e) between the tumor central and invasive margins in primary ccRCC tumor samples. f Schematic illustration of the cell-to-cell distance analysis. g–h Pairwise comparisons of the minimum distance from the indicated T-cell subpopulations to the nearest Foxp3⁺PD-1⁺ Treg cells (n = 10); CD8⁺CD39⁻ T-cells vs. CD8⁺CD39⁺ T-cells (g) and CD8⁺CD39⁺PD-1⁻ T-cells vs. CD8⁺CD39⁺PD-1⁺ T-cells (h). i–j Pairwise comparisons of the minimum distance from the indicated T-cell subpopulations to the nearest PD-L1⁺ cancer cells (n = 9); CD8⁺CD39⁻ T-cells vs. CD8⁺CD39⁺ T-cells (i) and CD8⁺CD39⁺PD-1⁻ T-cells vs. CD8⁺CD39⁺PD-1⁺ T-cells (j). p values were obtained from the Wilcoxon signed-rank test