. 2024 Apr 4;14(16):10930–10941. doi: 10.1039/d4ra00634h

Influence of interlayers in PSCs n-i-p and p-i-n, using CuI (40 nm) and ZnO (30 nm) as HTL/ETL. N_t is varied between 4.5 × 10¹⁷ cm⁻³ and 4.5 × 10¹⁶ cm⁻³. The MASI thickness was 150 nm to p-i-n PSCs in both values of N_t and it varied in n-i-p PSCs (400 and 700 nm, respectively).

Defect density N_t (cm⁻³)	PSC n-i-p	Interlayer thickness (nm)	PCE (%)	PSC p-i-n	Interlayer thickness (nm)	PCE (%)
4.5 × 10¹⁷	CuI/MASI/ZnO/FTO	—	6.90	CuI/MASI/ZnO	—	3.72
	CuI/MASI/C₆₀/ZnO/FTO	5	5.68	CuI/MASI/C₆₀/ZnO	5	3.33
	CuI/MASI/C₆₀/ZnO/FTO	10	5.76	CuI/MASI/C₆₀/ZnO	10	3.41
	CuI/MASI/C₆₀/ZnO/FTO	15	6.10	CuI/MASI/C₆₀/ZnO	15	3.66
	CuI/MASI/PCBM/ZnO/FTO	5	8.06	CuI/MASI/PCBM/ZnO	5	5.22
	CuI/MASI/PCBM/ZnO/FTO	10	8.09	CuI/MASI/PCBM/ZnO	10	5.24
	CuI/MASI/PCBM/ZnO/FTO	15	8.11	CuI/MASI/PCBM/ZnO	15	5.26
4.5 × 10¹⁶	CuI/MASI/ZnO	—	11.85	CuI/MASI/ZnO	—	8.22
	CuI/MASI/PCBM/ZnO	15	13.38	CuI/MASI/PCBM/ZnO	15	10.00
	CuI/MASI/C₆₀/ZnO	15	11.05	CuI/MASI/C₆₀/ZnO	15	8.15

Influence of interlayers in PSCs n-i-p and p-i-n, using CuI (40 nm) and ZnO (30 nm) as HTL/ETL. Nt is varied between 4.5 × 1017 cm−3 and 4.5 × 1016 cm−3. The MASI thickness was 150 nm to p-i-n PSCs in both values of Nt and it varied in n-i-p PSCs (400 and 700 nm, respectively).