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. 2024 Mar 20;27(4):109541. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109541

Table 1.

Transient receptor channels involved in thermosensation in invertebrates and vertebrates

TRP channel Alternative name Organism Tissue distribution TRP subfamily Thermal sensitivitya Activity range Entropy change (ΔS) cal/mol∗K Activation enthalpy (ΔH) kcal/mol Q10b Reference
TRPV1 Vr1 Rattus norvegicus (rat), Homo sapiens (human) nociceptor neurons Vanilloid ≥42°C (40–45), T(0.5) = 51°C 40.9°C-55.8 °Cc 260 (at 30mV) 90–100 16.8, 20 Caterina et al.13, Yao et al.52, Tominaga, et al.54, Liu et al.55, Cheng et al.65
TRPV1(l) TRPV1- long Desmodus rotundus (vampire bat) Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons Vanilloid 40°C ND ND ND 12 Gracheva et al.14
TRPV1(s) TRPV1- short Desmodus rotundus (vampire bat) TG neurons Vanilloid 30°C ND ND ND 5 Gracheva et al.14
TRPV2 Vrl2 Rattus norvegicus (rat), Homo sapiens (human) nociceptor neurons, brain, spinal cord Vanilloid ≥52°C (50°C–53°C) ND 586 200 20.6 Caterina et al.15
hTrpv3 Vrl3 Homo sapiens (human) skin keratinocytes Vanilloid ≥33°C (34°C–38°C) 33°C–50°C (Max 41°C–47°C) ND ND 6.62 Peier et al.123, Smith et al.124, Xu et al.125
hTrpv4 OTRPC4, VR-OAC, Trp12, Vrl2 Homo sapiens (human) skin and dorsal root ganglion neurons, kidney, brain, liver, heart, hypothalamus Vanilloid ∼27°C–34°C ND ND ND 9.9 ± 3.8 GÜler et al.73, Watanabe et al.126
TRPM8 CMR1 Homo sapiens (human) DRG neurons, various organs Melastatin ≤23°C–25°C 0°C-25°C −384 −112 24 Brauchi et al.70, McKemy et al.127
TRPM3 Mus musculus (mouse) DRG and TG sensory neurons Melastatin ≥43°C ND ND ND 7.2 Vriens et al.16
TRPC5 Mus musculus (mouse), Homo sapiens (human) DRG neurons Canonical <37°C to >25°C ND ND −40 ND Zimmermann et al.128
Anktm1 TRPA1 Mus musculus (mouse), Homo sapiens (human) DRG neurons Ankyrin ≤17°C 0°C–17°C −140 −40 6 Story et al.129
Chicken TRPA1 TRPA1 Gallus gallus domesticus (chicken) DRG neurons Ankyrin 39.4°C ND ND ND ND Saito et al.130
xtTRPA1 TRPA1 Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) DRG neurons Ankyrin 39.7°C ND ND ND 59.24 ± 18 Ohkita et al.131
xlTRPA1 TRPA1 Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) DRG neurons Ankyrin 36.2 ± 0.4°C ND ND ND ND Saito et al.132
snTRPA1 TRPA1 Crotalus atrox (rattlesnake) TG neurons Ankyrin 27.6°C ND ND ND 13.7 Gracheva et al.133
python TRPA1 TRPA1 Python regius (python) TG neurons Ankyrin 32.7°C ND ND ND ND Gracheva et al.133
boa TRPA1 TRPA1 Corallus hortulanus (boa) TG neurons Ankyrin 29.6°C ND ND ND ND Gracheva et al.133
ratsnake TRPA1 TRPA1 Elaphe obsoleta lindheimeri (rat snake) TG neurons Ankyrin 37.2°C ND ND ND 8.8 Gracheva et al.133
Anole TRPA1 TRPA1 Anolis carolinensis (green anole) TG neurons Ankyrin 33.9°C ND ND ND 45.71 ± 6 Saito et al.134
A. allogus TRPA1 TRPA1 Anolis allogus (spanish flag anole) Dorsal skin Ankyrin 33.5 ± 0.7°C ND ND ND ND Akashi et al.135
A. homolechis TRPA1 TRPA1 Anolis homolechis (Habana anole) Dorsal skin Ankyrin 36.4 ± 0.8°C ND ND ND ND Akashi et al.135
A. sagrei TRPA1 TRPA1 Anolis sagrei (brown anole) Dorsal skin Ankyrin 33.5 ± 0.7°C ND ND ND ND Akashi et al.135
axTRPA1 TRPA1 Ambystoma mexicanum (axolotl) Brain, lung, heart, stomach Ankyrin 39.7 ± 1.0°C ND ND ND ND Oda et al.136
zTRPA1b TRPA1 Danio rerio (zebrafish) Sensory neurons innervating skin and cranial sensory ganglia Ankyrin variable <10°C (cold); >25°C (heat) ND ND ND 8.2 ± 0.6 Oda et al.137
olTRPA1 TRPA1 Oryzias latipes (medaka) Ankyrin variable ND ND ND ND Oda et al.138
trTRPA1 TRPA1 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish) Ankyrin variable <8°C (cold); >25°C (heat) ND ND ND ND Oda et al.139
hTrpv4 OTRPC4, VR-OAC, Trp12, Vrl2 Homo sapiens (human) skin and dorsal root ganglion neurons Vanilloid ∼27°C–34°C ND ND ND 9.9 ± 3.8 GÜler et al.73, Watanabe et al.126
ceTRPA Caenorhabditis elegans (nematode) neurons, muscle, intestine, and epithelial cells ≤17°C ND ND ND ND Laursen et al.83
Painless dAnktm1 Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) Peripheral neurons larval epidermis Ankyrin ∼39°C–42°C ND ND ND ND Tracey et al.17 Sokabe et al.96
Pyrexia Pyx-PA and Pyx-PB Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) embryos: peripheral nerves, central nerves, multidendritic neurons in larval epidermis; adults: sensory neurons around bristle eyes, bristle neurons along thorax, neurons in maxillary palps, proboscis, antennae Ankyrin ≥40°C ND ND ND Pyx-PA 18.145; Pyx-PB 15.329 Lee et al.18, Neely et al.63
dTRPA1(A) TrpA1-RI (Prom B, ex10a), dTrpA1, dANKTM1, DmTRPA1 Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) larval sensory neurons, adult proboscis Ankyrin 27°C-29°C ND ND ND 9 Kang et al.19, Hamada et al.21, Rosenzweig et al.64, Viswanath et al.140
dTRPA1(D) TrpA1-RG (Prom A, ex10a), dTrpA1, dANKTM1, DmTRPA1 Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) larval nociceptors Ankyrin ≥46°C, T(0.1) = 43°Cc, T(0.5) = 53.5 °Cc 43-60 °Cc 211c 69c 23,58c Zhong et al.22
AgTRPA1 Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) antennae, head Ankyrin 25.2°C ND ND ND ND Wang et al.25
AsTRPA1(A) Anopheles stephensi (Asian malaria mosquito) antennae, head Ankyrin 30.3 ± 0.9°C ND ND ND 14,5 Li et al.141
AaTRPA1(B) Aedes aegypti (yellow fever mosquito) antennae, head Ankyrin 32 ± 0.8°C ND ND ND 20,7 Li et al.141
CpTRPA1(A) Culex pipiens pallens (northern house mosquito) antennae, head Ankyrin 21.8 ± 0.7°C ND ND ND 61,2 Li et al.141
BmTRPA1 Bombyx mori (silk moth) epidermlal non-neural cells of various tissues Ankyrin 21.6°C 21.6°C–43.5°C ND ND 20,5 Saito et al.130
HsTRPA Am-HsTRPA Apis mellifera (honeybee) brain, leg, proboscis, antennae Ankyrin 33.9 ± 0.6°C ND ND ND 17.2 ± 4.0 Kohno et al.28
RpTRPA5Bc Rhodnius prolixus (kissing bug) head, rostrum, legs, antennae, thorax, abdomen Ankyrin T(0.1) = 53°C; T(0.5) = 58.6°C 50°C-68°C 216 72 25 c
a

activation threshold temperature as determined in heterologous expression systems.

b

Q10 is the fold current increase over 10°C increase as a measure of sensitivity; the higher Q10 value, the more sensitivity to heat exhibited by the TRP channel.

c

experimental values determined in this study.