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. 2024 Mar 19;9(13):14648–14671. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05846

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Catabolism of amino acids for SCFAs and BCFAs production. (a) Formation of SCFAs from amino acid substrates via TCA cycle intermediates. (b) The Stickland reaction demonstrating the cofermentation of two amino acids, one of which serves as an electron donor and the other as an electron acceptor leading to formation of SCFAs or BCFAs. (c) Extracellular BCAA consumption pathway in S. aureus for BCFA production. (BCFAs - Branched-chain fatty acids, BCAAs - Branched-chain amino acids, BkD - Branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase complex, IlvE - BCAA transaminase, FabH - 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III).